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ISSN: 2056-9890

September 2023 issue

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Cover illustration: A tennimide macrocycle resides on a twofold axis and adopts an alternate (syn/anti)2 conformation with no inner cavity (niche), unlike all previously reported (syn)4 tennimide conformations. A partial occupancy water mol­ecule (with 0.167 site occupancy) at hydrogen-bonding distances to two symmetry-related carbonyl O atoms (as O—H⋯O=C) resides on the twofold axis in a mol­ecular niche between two of the pyridine rings. Macrocycle aggregation occurs as one-dimensional chains along the (010) direction. See Mocilac, Pohl & Gallagher [Acta Cryst. (2023). E78, 837–841].

modern approaches and tools for teaching crystallography


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A compilation of articles with a strong teaching element published since 2018 is presented alongside an overview of the articles in the special issue on this topic.

research communications


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Two new single-enanti­omer phospho­rus structures were studied. Their geometries, conformations and NMR features are discussed.


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The title compound was prepared via a modified Mannich reaction between 2-meth­oxy­ethyl­amine, 2,4-di­chloro­phenol, and aqueous formaldehyde. The resulting amine bis­(phenol) provides an inter­esting comparison to related species as a result of the electron-withdrawing substituents on the phenol rings, in combination with similar steric parameters.

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The crystal structures of three xylitol derivatives prepared directly from commercially available xylitol by treatment with formalin and acid followed by subsequent derivatization of the primary hydroxyl group of the bis-methyl­ene ketal with mesyl chloride, benzyl bromide or phenyl iso­cyanate are reported.

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[(2-{[6-(1,3-Benzo­thia­zol-2-yl)pyridin-2-yl]carbonyl­aza­nid­yl}phen­yl)sulfanido]nickel(II) crystallizes in the centrosymmetric monoclinic space group P21/n. Both arms of the expected bis-Schiff base ligand based on pyridine-2,6-dicarbaldehyde and 2-amino­thio­phenol had oxidized; one by cyclization to a benzo­thia­zole, the other by oxidation of its imine linkage to the corresponding amide.

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In the crystal, pairs of mol­ecules are linked by O—H⋯O and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds forming dimers with [R_{2}^{2}](14) motifs. These dimers are connected by O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds into chains along the a-axis direction, forming [R_{2}^{2}](16) ring motifs. Further O—H⋯O inter­actions involving the ethanol solvent mol­ecule connect the chains into a three-dimensional network.

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The crystal structure of a hydrogen-bonded dimer of (tri­ethyl­azaniumyl)­acetic acid and (tri­ethyl­azaniumyl)­acetate bromide features a carb­oxy­lic acid hydrogen atom that is engaged in an asymmetric hydrogen bond with the carboxyl­ate oxygen. The crystal also features intra­molecular C—H hydrogen bonds and a layer of bromide ions that is surrounded by alkyl groups.

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A new copper(II) complex with 3-methyl­benzoate and 2,2′-bi­pyridine synthesized displays chains of hydrogen-bonded complex units along the b axis. Hirshfeld surface analysis indicates that H⋯H and H⋯C/C⋯H contacts are the most important inter­actions.

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In the crystal, the 2-amino-5-{(1E)-1-[(carbamo­thioyl­amino)­imino]­eth­yl}-4-methyl-1,3-thia­zol-3-ium cations are linked by O—H⋯Cl, N—H⋯Cl, N—H⋯O, N—H⋯S and C—H⋯S hydrogen bonds, forming a tri-periodic network.

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The title indole derivative crystallizes with a partial occupancy [0.585 (4)] CHCl3 solvent mol­ecule. The dihedral angles between the indole ring system and pendant nitro­benzodioxolane rings system and phenyl­sulfonyl ring are 4.81 (14) and 72.24 (19)°, respectively. In the crystal, the indole mol­ecules are linked to each other and to the chloro­form mol­ecule by weak C—H⋯O, C—H⋯Cl, C—H⋯π, C—Br⋯π and C—Cl⋯π and aromatic π–π stacking inter­actions.

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In the crystal structure of the title compound, the triazole ring exhibits inter­planar angles of ca 64 and 77° with the phenyl and benzo­thia­zole planes, respectively. The packing involves three borderline C—H⋯N contacts and a pairing of the triazole rings across an inversion centre.

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The isostructural compounds I and II are composed of planar macrocyclic cations [M(cyclam)]2+ and the tetra­hedral anion [CdI4]2−, which plays a purely charge-compensation function in the NiII complex I and is axially coordinated via the iodide atom in the ZnII complex II. In both complexes, as a result of N–H⋯I hydrogen bonding, the alternating cations and anions form chains running along the b-axis direction that are arranged into di-periodic sheets oriented parallel to the (101) and ([\overline{1}]01) planes.

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The low-temperature (90 K) crystal structure of 4-(di­methyl­aza­nium­yl)-2-hy­droxy­anilinium dichloride monohydrate is presented along with a Hirshfeld surface analysis of the organic cation.

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9-Meth­oxy-3,4,5,6-tetra­hydro-1H-benzo[b]azonine-2,7-dione and 6-meth­oxy-1,2,3,4-tetra­hydro­car­ba­zole represent the structures of a benzoazonine that contains a nine-membered ring and its parent tetra­hydro­car­ba­zole. The mol­ecules of the former pack together via strong amide N—H⋯O hydrogen bonding and weak C—H⋯O inter­actions, whereas the parent tetra­hydro­car­ba­zole packs with C/N—H⋯π inter­actions, as visualized by Hirshfeld surface characterization.

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The tennimide macrocycle (I) resides on a twofold axis and adopts an alternate (syn/anti)2 conformation with no inner cavity (niche), unlike all previously reported (syn)4 tennimide conformations. A partial occupancy water mol­ecule (with 0.167 site occupancy) at hydrogen-bonding distances to two symmetry-related carbonyl O atoms (as O—H⋯O=C) resides on the twofold axis in a mol­ecular niche between two of the pyridine rings. Macrocycle aggregation occurs as one-dimensional chains along the (010) direction.

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A new coumarin derivative, methyl 2-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl­amino)­benzoate, has been synthesized and characterized.

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In the crystal of (2E)-1-(4-bromo­phen­yl)-3-(2-methyl­phen­yl)prop-2-en-1-one, the mol­ecules are linked into chains by weak C—H⋯O inter­actions along the b axis. Successive chains form a zigzag structure along the c axis, and these chains are connected to each other by face-to-face π–π stacking inter­actions along the a axis, forming layers parallel to the (001) plane. The crystal structure maintains its stability via van der Waals inter­actions between the layers.

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The first high-quality crystal structure of unmodified 2′-de­oxy­guanosine is reported. The isolated crystals are the dimethyl sulfoxide disolvate.

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The organic–inorganic hybride salt (C9H10N2)[ZnCl4] consists of a planar 8-aza­niumylquinolinium dication and a tetra­hedral tetra­chlorido­zincate(II) dianion, held together by N—H⋯Cl and C—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds, and π—π inter­actions.

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The mol­ecular and crystal structures of a cadmium acetate coordination compound with 2-amino­benzoxazole were studied, and the Hirshfeld surfaces and fingerprint plots were generated to investigate various inter­molecular inter­actions.

Research communications

Research communications are designed to help authors bring out the science behind their structure determinations. Authors are encouraged to report more than one structure in the same communication and also to include the results of investigations with other techniques. The Research communications format makes Acta E the natural home for structure determinations with interesting science to report.

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