organic compounds
(E)-5-(4-Methylbenzylidene)-1-phenyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indazol-4-one
aDepartment of Physics, The Madura College, Madurai 625 011, India, bDepartment of Physics, University College of Engineering Nagercoil, Anna University, Nagercoil 629 004, Tamilnadu, India, cDepartment of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625 021, India, and dDepartment of Physics, Bhairahawa M. Campus, Tribhuvan University, Nepal
*Correspondence e-mail: shalikaa.bh@gmail.com
In the title compound, C21H18N2O, the non-aromatic six-membered ring adopts a distorted with one of the methylene-C atoms being the flap atom. The dihedral angle between the phenyl and 4-tolyl rings is 75.3 (1)°. The 1,2-diazole ring forms dihedral angles of 41.9 (1) and 65.5 (1)° with the phenyl and 4-tolyl rings, respectively. In the crystal, stabilizing C—H⋯O, C—H⋯π and π–π interactions are evident. The calculated Hirshfeld surfaces highlight the prominent role of C—H⋯O interactions (8.6%), along with H⋯H (51.7%) and C⋯H/H⋯C (29.2%) surface contacts.
Keywords: crystal structure; Hirshfeld surface; indazol-4-one.
CCDC reference: 2158365
Structure description
et al., 2003; Faisal et al., 2019) because of their conformational freedom and exhibit intermolecular interactions of biological relevance. Owing to its medicinal interest and in a continuation of previous work, the crystal and molecular structures of another indazole derivative, namely, (E)-5-(4-methylbenzylidene)-1-phenyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indazol-4-one, (I), is reported here.
have been investigated for a long while in view of their pharmaceutical and biological importance. 1,2-Diazole derivatives are found to possess anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, anti-depressant and anti-cancer activities (PopatThe molecule of (I) and the recently reported 4-chlorobenzylidene derivative (II) (Meenatchi et al., 2021) are isomorphous. The shorter b-axis lengths differ slightly between the isomorphous crystal structures, i.e. 8.7177 (5) Å for (I) and 8.6604 (5) Å for (II). In (I), the non-aromatic six-membered ring adopts a distorted with the methylene-C9 atom being the flap atom, Fig. 1. The heterocyclic five-membered ring forms dihedral angles of 41.9 (1) and 65.5 (1)° with the pendent N-bound phenyl and 4-tolyl rings, respectively. A weak intramolecular C6—H12⋯O1 interaction (Table 1) stabilizes the molecular structure.
The molecular packing features C—H⋯O, C—H⋯π and π–π interactions (Fig. 2). The C—H⋯O intermolecular interactions, viz., C12—H4⋯O1i and C17—H5⋯O1ii, lead, respectively, to two centrosymmetric ring R22(16) and R22(10) motifs (Bernstein et al., 1995) (Fig. 3); see Table 1 for symmetry operations. These centrosymmetric dimers are connected through another C—H⋯O interaction, namely, C18—H8⋯O1iii, leading to a chain C(8) motif along the c-axis direction of the (Fig. 4).
As a quantitative approach to analyse the intermolecular interactions, the Hirshfeld surfaces and two-dimensional (2-D) fingerprint plots were generated by employing the Crystal Explorer software (Wolff et al., 2012). The Hirshfeld surface is colour-mapped with the normalized contact distance, dnorm, from red (distances shorter than the sum of the van der Waals radii) through white to blue (distances longer than the sum of the van der Waals radii). The different types of intermolecular interactions can be identified by colour coding the distances from the surface to the nearest atom exterior (de) or interior (di) plots to the surface. The 2-D fingerprint plots from the surface analysis and the dnorm surface were analysed for (I) to further explore the packing modes and intermolecular interactions. The 3-D Hirshfeld surfaces and 2-D fingerprint plots with percentage contributions are shown in Fig. 5. C⋯H/H⋯C contacts (with a pair of spikes in the fingerprint plot, 29.2%) and O⋯H/H⋯O interactions (sharp spikes, 8.6%) make a significant contribution to the overall contacts; the latter incorporate the notable C—H⋯O interactions. The H⋯H interactions contribute 51.7% with widely scattered points of high density showing a large proportion of hydrogen atoms in the molecular structure, indicating the importance of van der Waals contacts in the molecular packing. The N⋯H/H⋯N intermolecular contacts are identified as making a notable contribution to the total Hirshfeld surface comprising about 6.9%. However, the C—H⋯N intermolecular interactions are not prominent in the packing as the separations are greater than the van der Waals radii.
Synthesis and crystallization
A mixture of 1-phenyl-1,5,6,7-tetrahydro-4H-indazol-4-one (1 mmol) and 4-methylbenzaldehyde (1 mmol) was dissolved in ethanol followed by the addition of alcoholic NaOH. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h to afford (E)-5-(4-methylbenzylidene)-1-phenyl-1,5,6,7-tetrahydro-4H-indazol-4-ones as a precipitate, which was filtered, dried and recrystallized from ethanol: yield: 99%, m.p. 172–175°C.
Refinement
Crystal data, data collection and structure .
details are summarized in Table 2
|
Structural data
CCDC reference: 2158365
https://doi.org/10.1107/S2414314622002838/tk4075sup1.cif
contains datablock I. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S2414314622002838/tk4075Isup2.hkl
Supporting information file. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S2414314622002838/tk4075Isup3.cml
Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2009); cell
SAINT (Bruker, 2009); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2009); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXT (Sheldrick, 2015a); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL (Sheldrick, 2015b); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 2012), Mercury (Macrae et al., 2020) and PLATON (Spek, 2020); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL (Sheldrick, 2015b).C21H18N2O | F(000) = 1328 |
Mr = 314.37 | Dx = 1.241 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, C2/c | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
a = 30.3989 (15) Å | Cell parameters from 3243 reflections |
b = 8.7177 (5) Å | θ = 28.7–1.8° |
c = 14.0581 (7) Å | µ = 0.08 mm−1 |
β = 115.367 (2)° | T = 293 K |
V = 3366.3 (3) Å3 | Block, colourless |
Z = 8 | 0.20 × 0.20 × 0.18 mm |
Bruker SMART APEXII CCD diffractometer | 2557 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | Rint = 0.048 |
Graphite monochromator | θmax = 25.0°, θmin = 2.9° |
ω and φ scans | h = −36→36 |
22457 measured reflections | k = −10→10 |
2948 independent reflections | l = −16→16 |
Refinement on F2 | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
Least-squares matrix: full | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.044 | H-atom parameters constrained |
wR(F2) = 0.126 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0626P)2 + 1.8343P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
S = 1.07 | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
2948 reflections | Δρmax = 0.16 e Å−3 |
219 parameters | Δρmin = −0.17 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Extinction correction: SHELXL, Fc*=kFc[1+0.001xFc2λ3/sin(2θ)]-1/4 |
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods | Extinction coefficient: 0.075 (5) |
Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
C1 | 0.67927 (8) | 0.0162 (3) | 1.06046 (15) | 0.0789 (6) | |
H1 | 0.6816 | −0.0935 | 1.0667 | 0.118* | |
H9 | 0.6614 | 0.0543 | 1.0977 | 0.118* | |
H10 | 0.7114 | 0.0599 | 1.0900 | 0.118* | |
C2 | 0.65323 (6) | 0.0598 (2) | 0.94602 (13) | 0.0543 (4) | |
C3 | 0.66930 (6) | 0.1813 (2) | 0.90557 (14) | 0.0586 (5) | |
H11 | 0.6970 | 0.2352 | 0.9496 | 0.070* | |
C4 | 0.64503 (6) | 0.2237 (2) | 0.80118 (14) | 0.0550 (4) | |
H6 | 0.6572 | 0.3038 | 0.7758 | 0.066* | |
C5 | 0.60276 (5) | 0.14887 (18) | 0.73320 (12) | 0.0450 (4) | |
C6 | 0.57687 (6) | 0.20157 (19) | 0.62334 (12) | 0.0487 (4) | |
H12 | 0.5965 | 0.2260 | 0.5899 | 0.058* | |
C7 | 0.52919 (6) | 0.21900 (18) | 0.56538 (11) | 0.0445 (4) | |
C8 | 0.48996 (6) | 0.1884 (2) | 0.60232 (12) | 0.0516 (4) | |
H13 | 0.5052 | 0.1753 | 0.6781 | 0.062* | |
H14 | 0.4736 | 0.0931 | 0.5713 | 0.062* | |
C9 | 0.45177 (5) | 0.3169 (2) | 0.57388 (11) | 0.0462 (4) | |
H15 | 0.4246 | 0.2838 | 0.5876 | 0.055* | |
H16 | 0.4660 | 0.4074 | 0.6160 | 0.055* | |
C10 | 0.43483 (5) | 0.35272 (17) | 0.45978 (11) | 0.0416 (4) | |
C11 | 0.34983 (5) | 0.45572 (19) | 0.40541 (12) | 0.0487 (4) | |
C12 | 0.35632 (6) | 0.5344 (2) | 0.49555 (13) | 0.0541 (4) | |
H4 | 0.3875 | 0.5536 | 0.5471 | 0.065* | |
C13 | 0.31616 (7) | 0.5847 (2) | 0.50901 (16) | 0.0657 (5) | |
H3 | 0.3205 | 0.6369 | 0.5701 | 0.079* | |
C14 | 0.27001 (7) | 0.5582 (3) | 0.43271 (17) | 0.0761 (6) | |
H2 | 0.2431 | 0.5928 | 0.4417 | 0.091* | |
C15 | 0.51236 (6) | 0.27563 (18) | 0.45440 (11) | 0.0449 (4) | |
C16 | 0.46258 (6) | 0.32941 (18) | 0.40502 (11) | 0.0440 (4) | |
C17 | 0.43202 (6) | 0.3710 (2) | 0.30018 (12) | 0.0518 (4) | |
H5 | 0.4413 | 0.3674 | 0.2453 | 0.062* | |
C18 | 0.61226 (6) | −0.01863 (19) | 0.87812 (13) | 0.0545 (4) | |
H8 | 0.6013 | −0.1025 | 0.9029 | 0.065* | |
C19 | 0.58722 (6) | 0.02523 (18) | 0.77400 (13) | 0.0509 (4) | |
H7 | 0.5595 | −0.0287 | 0.7304 | 0.061* | |
C20 | 0.30333 (6) | 0.4275 (3) | 0.32794 (14) | 0.0679 (5) | |
H18 | 0.2989 | 0.3743 | 0.2671 | 0.081* | |
C21 | 0.26374 (7) | 0.4799 (3) | 0.34264 (17) | 0.0825 (7) | |
H17 | 0.2324 | 0.4620 | 0.2910 | 0.099* | |
N1 | 0.39101 (4) | 0.40554 (15) | 0.38972 (9) | 0.0463 (3) | |
N2 | 0.38894 (5) | 0.41551 (17) | 0.28944 (10) | 0.0550 (4) | |
O1 | 0.53899 (4) | 0.27719 (16) | 0.40893 (9) | 0.0624 (4) |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
C1 | 0.0871 (14) | 0.0832 (14) | 0.0504 (11) | 0.0112 (11) | 0.0142 (10) | 0.0108 (10) |
C2 | 0.0548 (9) | 0.0552 (10) | 0.0472 (9) | 0.0125 (7) | 0.0163 (7) | 0.0056 (7) |
C3 | 0.0443 (8) | 0.0577 (10) | 0.0587 (10) | 0.0017 (7) | 0.0079 (7) | 0.0034 (8) |
C4 | 0.0442 (8) | 0.0548 (10) | 0.0624 (10) | 0.0039 (7) | 0.0192 (7) | 0.0142 (8) |
C5 | 0.0442 (8) | 0.0470 (9) | 0.0442 (8) | 0.0097 (6) | 0.0194 (6) | 0.0042 (6) |
C6 | 0.0527 (9) | 0.0532 (9) | 0.0453 (8) | 0.0075 (7) | 0.0259 (7) | 0.0052 (7) |
C7 | 0.0510 (8) | 0.0484 (8) | 0.0371 (7) | 0.0075 (6) | 0.0218 (6) | 0.0038 (6) |
C8 | 0.0522 (9) | 0.0645 (10) | 0.0409 (8) | 0.0091 (7) | 0.0226 (7) | 0.0154 (7) |
C9 | 0.0449 (8) | 0.0614 (9) | 0.0339 (7) | 0.0044 (7) | 0.0183 (6) | 0.0071 (6) |
C10 | 0.0443 (7) | 0.0444 (8) | 0.0329 (7) | −0.0007 (6) | 0.0134 (6) | 0.0012 (6) |
C11 | 0.0432 (8) | 0.0558 (9) | 0.0430 (8) | 0.0023 (7) | 0.0146 (6) | 0.0117 (7) |
C12 | 0.0455 (8) | 0.0617 (10) | 0.0509 (9) | 0.0024 (7) | 0.0168 (7) | 0.0010 (8) |
C13 | 0.0602 (10) | 0.0758 (13) | 0.0659 (11) | 0.0090 (9) | 0.0317 (9) | 0.0046 (9) |
C14 | 0.0502 (10) | 0.1054 (17) | 0.0754 (14) | 0.0144 (10) | 0.0296 (10) | 0.0224 (12) |
C15 | 0.0550 (9) | 0.0479 (9) | 0.0366 (7) | 0.0026 (7) | 0.0244 (7) | −0.0001 (6) |
C16 | 0.0547 (8) | 0.0465 (8) | 0.0313 (7) | 0.0011 (6) | 0.0191 (6) | 0.0003 (6) |
C17 | 0.0654 (10) | 0.0582 (10) | 0.0324 (8) | 0.0072 (8) | 0.0214 (7) | 0.0027 (7) |
C18 | 0.0589 (9) | 0.0478 (9) | 0.0540 (9) | 0.0043 (7) | 0.0217 (8) | 0.0100 (7) |
C19 | 0.0505 (9) | 0.0457 (9) | 0.0493 (9) | 0.0013 (7) | 0.0145 (7) | 0.0004 (7) |
C20 | 0.0513 (10) | 0.0972 (15) | 0.0440 (9) | −0.0042 (9) | 0.0097 (7) | 0.0053 (9) |
C21 | 0.0429 (10) | 0.128 (2) | 0.0619 (12) | −0.0002 (11) | 0.0088 (8) | 0.0193 (13) |
N1 | 0.0480 (7) | 0.0545 (8) | 0.0324 (6) | 0.0029 (6) | 0.0134 (5) | 0.0035 (5) |
N2 | 0.0639 (9) | 0.0638 (9) | 0.0313 (7) | 0.0062 (7) | 0.0146 (6) | 0.0044 (6) |
O1 | 0.0667 (8) | 0.0851 (9) | 0.0476 (7) | 0.0143 (6) | 0.0361 (6) | 0.0098 (6) |
C1—C2 | 1.506 (2) | C10—C16 | 1.379 (2) |
C1—H1 | 0.9600 | C11—C12 | 1.379 (2) |
C1—H9 | 0.9600 | C11—C20 | 1.388 (2) |
C1—H10 | 0.9600 | C11—N1 | 1.430 (2) |
C2—C18 | 1.382 (2) | C12—C13 | 1.384 (2) |
C2—C3 | 1.386 (3) | C12—H4 | 0.9300 |
C3—C4 | 1.381 (2) | C13—C14 | 1.372 (3) |
C3—H11 | 0.9300 | C13—H3 | 0.9300 |
C4—C5 | 1.392 (2) | C14—C21 | 1.378 (3) |
C4—H6 | 0.9300 | C14—H2 | 0.9300 |
C5—C19 | 1.395 (2) | C15—O1 | 1.2279 (18) |
C5—C6 | 1.474 (2) | C15—C16 | 1.446 (2) |
C6—C7 | 1.333 (2) | C16—C17 | 1.412 (2) |
C6—H12 | 0.9300 | C17—N2 | 1.311 (2) |
C7—C15 | 1.502 (2) | C17—H5 | 0.9300 |
C7—C8 | 1.514 (2) | C18—C19 | 1.383 (2) |
C8—C9 | 1.538 (2) | C18—H8 | 0.9300 |
C8—H13 | 0.9700 | C19—H7 | 0.9300 |
C8—H14 | 0.9700 | C20—C21 | 1.383 (3) |
C9—C10 | 1.4925 (19) | C20—H18 | 0.9300 |
C9—H15 | 0.9700 | C21—H17 | 0.9300 |
C9—H16 | 0.9700 | N1—N2 | 1.3867 (17) |
C10—N1 | 1.3535 (18) | ||
C2—C1—H1 | 109.5 | C16—C10—C9 | 123.85 (13) |
C2—C1—H9 | 109.5 | C12—C11—C20 | 120.41 (16) |
H1—C1—H9 | 109.5 | C12—C11—N1 | 120.27 (13) |
C2—C1—H10 | 109.5 | C20—C11—N1 | 119.30 (15) |
H1—C1—H10 | 109.5 | C11—C12—C13 | 119.73 (16) |
H9—C1—H10 | 109.5 | C11—C12—H4 | 120.1 |
C18—C2—C3 | 117.79 (15) | C13—C12—H4 | 120.1 |
C18—C2—C1 | 121.21 (17) | C14—C13—C12 | 120.38 (19) |
C3—C2—C1 | 120.99 (17) | C14—C13—H3 | 119.8 |
C4—C3—C2 | 121.26 (16) | C12—C13—H3 | 119.8 |
C4—C3—H11 | 119.4 | C13—C14—C21 | 119.64 (18) |
C2—C3—H11 | 119.4 | C13—C14—H2 | 120.2 |
C3—C4—C5 | 121.32 (16) | C21—C14—H2 | 120.2 |
C3—C4—H6 | 119.3 | O1—C15—C16 | 122.29 (13) |
C5—C4—H6 | 119.3 | O1—C15—C7 | 122.50 (14) |
C4—C5—C19 | 117.09 (14) | C16—C15—C7 | 115.20 (12) |
C4—C5—C6 | 119.64 (14) | C10—C16—C17 | 104.99 (13) |
C19—C5—C6 | 123.27 (14) | C10—C16—C15 | 122.98 (13) |
C7—C6—C5 | 128.94 (14) | C17—C16—C15 | 132.02 (14) |
C7—C6—H12 | 115.5 | N2—C17—C16 | 111.97 (14) |
C5—C6—H12 | 115.5 | N2—C17—H5 | 124.0 |
C6—C7—C15 | 118.02 (14) | C16—C17—H5 | 124.0 |
C6—C7—C8 | 125.46 (13) | C2—C18—C19 | 121.22 (16) |
C15—C7—C8 | 116.51 (13) | C2—C18—H8 | 119.4 |
C7—C8—C9 | 113.58 (13) | C19—C18—H8 | 119.4 |
C7—C8—H13 | 108.8 | C18—C19—C5 | 121.25 (15) |
C9—C8—H13 | 108.8 | C18—C19—H7 | 119.4 |
C7—C8—H14 | 108.8 | C5—C19—H7 | 119.4 |
C9—C8—H14 | 108.8 | C21—C20—C11 | 118.89 (19) |
H13—C8—H14 | 107.7 | C21—C20—H18 | 120.6 |
C10—C9—C8 | 107.83 (12) | C11—C20—H18 | 120.6 |
C10—C9—H15 | 110.1 | C14—C21—C20 | 120.94 (18) |
C8—C9—H15 | 110.1 | C14—C21—H17 | 119.5 |
C10—C9—H16 | 110.1 | C20—C21—H17 | 119.5 |
C8—C9—H16 | 110.1 | C10—N1—N2 | 111.28 (12) |
H15—C9—H16 | 108.5 | C10—N1—C11 | 130.21 (12) |
N1—C10—C16 | 106.89 (12) | N2—N1—C11 | 118.44 (12) |
N1—C10—C9 | 129.20 (13) | C17—N2—N1 | 104.86 (12) |
C18—C2—C3—C4 | 0.6 (3) | O1—C15—C16—C10 | −168.78 (15) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | −178.75 (18) | C7—C15—C16—C10 | 10.8 (2) |
C2—C3—C4—C5 | 1.8 (3) | O1—C15—C16—C17 | 10.0 (3) |
C3—C4—C5—C19 | −2.7 (2) | C7—C15—C16—C17 | −170.40 (16) |
C3—C4—C5—C6 | 177.62 (15) | C10—C16—C17—N2 | −0.38 (19) |
C4—C5—C6—C7 | −137.43 (18) | C15—C16—C17—N2 | −179.36 (16) |
C19—C5—C6—C7 | 42.9 (3) | C3—C2—C18—C19 | −1.9 (3) |
C5—C6—C7—C15 | 179.80 (15) | C1—C2—C18—C19 | 177.42 (17) |
C5—C6—C7—C8 | 0.7 (3) | C2—C18—C19—C5 | 0.9 (3) |
C6—C7—C8—C9 | 133.31 (17) | C4—C5—C19—C18 | 1.3 (2) |
C15—C7—C8—C9 | −45.8 (2) | C6—C5—C19—C18 | −178.96 (15) |
C7—C8—C9—C10 | 49.38 (18) | C12—C11—C20—C21 | 0.1 (3) |
C8—C9—C10—N1 | 150.39 (16) | N1—C11—C20—C21 | −178.39 (18) |
C8—C9—C10—C16 | −26.6 (2) | C13—C14—C21—C20 | 0.0 (4) |
C20—C11—C12—C13 | 0.4 (3) | C11—C20—C21—C14 | −0.3 (3) |
N1—C11—C12—C13 | 178.88 (16) | C16—C10—N1—N2 | 0.89 (17) |
C11—C12—C13—C14 | −0.7 (3) | C9—C10—N1—N2 | −176.49 (15) |
C12—C13—C14—C21 | 0.5 (3) | C16—C10—N1—C11 | −176.18 (15) |
C6—C7—C15—O1 | 14.8 (2) | C9—C10—N1—C11 | 6.4 (3) |
C8—C7—C15—O1 | −166.01 (16) | C12—C11—N1—C10 | 36.0 (2) |
C6—C7—C15—C16 | −164.78 (15) | C20—C11—N1—C10 | −145.48 (17) |
C8—C7—C15—C16 | 14.4 (2) | C12—C11—N1—N2 | −140.90 (16) |
N1—C10—C16—C17 | −0.32 (17) | C20—C11—N1—N2 | 37.6 (2) |
C9—C10—C16—C17 | 177.24 (15) | C16—C17—N2—N1 | 0.89 (19) |
N1—C10—C16—C15 | 178.78 (14) | C10—N1—N2—C17 | −1.10 (18) |
C9—C10—C16—C15 | −3.7 (2) | C11—N1—N2—C17 | 176.35 (14) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
C6—H12···O1 | 0.93 | 2.43 | 2.806 (2) | 104 |
C12—H4···O1i | 0.93 | 2.52 | 3.312 (2) | 143 |
C17—H5···O1ii | 0.93 | 2.60 | 3.5081 (19) | 164 |
C18—H8···O1iii | 0.93 | 2.46 | 3.325 (2) | 155 |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1, −y+1, −z+1; (ii) −x+1, y, −z+1/2; (iii) x, −y, z+1/2. |
Acknowledgements
JS and RV thank the management of The Madura College for their constant support and encouragement. The authors' contributions are as follows: Conceptualization, CSM; methodology, CSM, SA; investigation, CSM, RVP; synthesis, X-ray, analysis and validation, SA; writing (original draft), CSM; writing (review and editing of the manuscript), SRB; visualization, JS; resources, RVP, SRR; supervision, JS; project administration, SRB.
References
Bernstein, J., Davis, R. E., Shimoni, L. & Chang, N. L. (1995). Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 34, 1555–1573. CrossRef CAS Web of Science Google Scholar
Bruker (2009). APEX2, SAINT and SADABS. Bruker AXS Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, USA. Google Scholar
Faisal, M., Saeed, A., Hussain, S., Dar, P. & Larik, F. A. (2019). J. Chem. Sci. 131, article No. 70. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12039-019-1646-1 Google Scholar
Farrugia, L. J. (2012). J. Appl. Cryst. 45, 849–854. Web of Science CrossRef CAS IUCr Journals Google Scholar
Macrae, C. F., Sovago, I., Cottrell, S. J., Galek, P. T. A., McCabe, P., Pidcock, E., Platings, M., Shields, G. P., Stevens, J. S., Towler, M. & Wood, P. A. (2020). J. Appl. Cryst. 53, 226–235. Web of Science CrossRef CAS IUCr Journals Google Scholar
Meenatchi, C. S., Athimoolam, S., Suresh, J., Rubina, S. R., Kumar, R. R. & Bhandari, S. R. (2021). IUCrData, 6, x211195. Google Scholar
Popat, K. H., Nimavat, K. S., Vasoya, S. L. & Joshi, H. S. (2003). Indian J. Chem. Sect. B, 42, 1497–1501. Google Scholar
Sheldrick, G. M. (2015a). Acta Cryst. C71, 3–8. Web of Science CrossRef IUCr Journals Google Scholar
Sheldrick, G. M. (2015b). Acta Cryst. C71, 3–8. Web of Science CrossRef IUCr Journals Google Scholar
Spek, A. L. (2020). Acta Cryst. E76, 1–11. Web of Science CrossRef IUCr Journals Google Scholar
Wolff, S. K., Grimwood, D. J., McKinnon, J. J., Turner, M. J., Jayatilaka, D. & Spackman, M. A. (2012). Crystal Explorer. University of Western Australia. Google Scholar
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original authors and source are cited.