inorganic compounds
Magnesium aluminium zinc gallium, Mg61.81Al12.77Zn61.41Ga24
aState Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, People's Republic of China, bHebei Key Lab for Optimizing Metal Product Technology and Performance, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, People's Republic of China, and cSchool of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, North China University of Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
*Correspondence e-mail: [email protected]
The title single-crystal was obtained during the synthesis of a Mg–Al–Zn–Ga alloy, which was achieved by subjecting the alloy to elevated pressures and temperatures. The compound crystallizes in the Im3 (No. 204), with seven distinct metal-atom sites. One of these is occupied by gallium, two by aluminium and zinc, one by zinc and magnesium, and three by magnesium. The structure model contains a vacancy-centred Bergman cluster and a 26-face polyhedron centred on one of the magnesium sites. The framework in this study shows a marked similarity to previously examined frameworks, but also evinces significant differences [Edagawa et al. (1992). Philos. Mag. B 65, 1011–1023].
CCDC reference: 2483585
Structure description
The Mg–Al–Zn–Ga system can serve as a lead-free brazing material, thus it has been extensively investigated. A quasi-crystalline phase Mg39.5Al4.1Zn40.0Ga16.4 has been reported in the Mg–Zn–Al–Ga system. The calorimetric and X-ray diffraction studies suggest that the quasiperiodic phase undergoes an exothermic transformation to an approximate crystalline phase (a = 36.93±0.06, b = 22.83±0.04, and c = 22.96±0.04 Å) at 630 K on heating at a rate of 20 K min−1 (Edagawa et al., 1992
). In another study, the icosahedral phase Mg39.5Al14.35Zn40.0Ga6.5 transforms to a 1/1 cubic approximant phase with a = 14.21 Å at 653 K (Edagawa et al., 1993
). It has been established that the two quasicrystalline approximant phases possess identical coordination polyhedra, yet divergent cell parameters.
In the present study, a cubic phase with a = 14.1529 (17) Å in Im with composition Mg61.81Al12.77Zn61.41Ga24 has been discovered and refined on the basis of single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and its chemical composition is in accordance with the EDX results (see the supporting information). The unit cell is illustrated in Fig. 1
. There are seven metal atom sites: one is occupied by gallium, two are co-occupied by aluminium and zinc, another one co-occupied by zinc and magnesium, and three by magnesium. The crystal structure can be described by two kinds of clusters which are a 26-face polyhedron centred at Mg2, and a Bergman cluster centred at a vacancy site. The environments of the Mg2 site is delineated in Fig. 2
. The Mg2 is located at a position with site symmetry mm2.. (multiplicity 12, Wyckoff letter e) and is surrounded by eight Zn3/Al3 atoms (1, 48h), three Mg1/Zn4 atoms (mm2.., 12e), two Zn2/Al2 atoms (m.., 24g), and two Mg4 atoms (m.., 24g). The typical shelled Bergman cluster centred at a virtual non-occupied 2a position includes 12 atoms in the first shell, 20 atoms in the second shell, and 12 atoms in the third shell. The environments of the 2a sites are delineated in Fig. 3
. The first shell consists of twelve Ga1 atoms (m.., 24g), the second shell of twelve Mg4 atoms (m.., 24g) and eight Mg3 atoms (.3., 16f), and the third shell of twelve Zn2/Al2 atoms (m.., 24g). The crystal structure also can be described by one cluster which is an icosahedral cluster centred at Zn2/Al2. The environment of the Zn2/Al2 site is delineated in Fig. 4
. The central Zn2/Al2 site is surrounded by one Ga1 atom (m.., 24g), four Zn3/Al3 atoms (1, 48h), one Mg1/Zn4 atom (mm2.., 12e), one Mg2 atom (mm2.., 12e), two Mg3 atoms (.3., 16f), and three Mg4 atoms (m.., 24g).
| Figure 1 The crystal structure of Mg61.81Al12.77Zn61.41Ga24 (one unit cell) in a projection along the body diagonal, with displacement ellipsoids drawn at the 99% probability level. |
| | Figure 2 (a) The environment of the Mg2 site with displacement ellipsoids given at the 99% probability level; (b) the 26-face polyhedron formed around the Mg2 site at the 12e site [Symmetry codes: (iii) z, x, y; (ix) −y + |
| | Figure 3 The polyhedra around the 2a site with increasing shell size. |
| | Figure 4 (a) The environment of the Zn2/Al2 atom with displacement ellipsoids given at the 99% probability level; (b) The icosahedron formed around the Zn2/Al2 atom at the 24g site [Symmetry codes: (ii) −z, x, y; (iii) z, x, y; (vi) −x, y, z; (vii) −z + |
The structure described in this paper shares similarities with two previously reported crystal structures in terms of their basic framework. However, there are also significant differences. To compare with the model reported by Bergman et al. (1957
): (i) There are no atoms occupying the 2a position in the present model, while it is occupied by a vacancy aluminium atom in their model; (ii) in the present model, the 12e position is co-occupied by zinc and aluminium atoms while it is solely occupied by one magnesium atom in the previous model; (iii) a gallium atom occupies a 24g position in the present model, while there is no atom at the same position in Bergman et al.'s model. To compare with another previously reported structure (Montagné & Tillard, 2016
), the 24g position is jointly occupied by aluminium and zinc atoms, while it is only occupied by a gallium atom in the present refined model, and one aluminium atom occupies one of the 12e positions. However, the structure delineated in this paper deviates from the aforementioned positions in the following ways: firstly, it is devoid of an additional 2a position; secondly, the 12e position is occupied by zinc and aluminium atoms. Additionally, a gallium atom occupies a 24g position. In the previously reported structure (Montagné & Tillard, 2016
) the 24g position was jointly occupied by aluminium and zinc atoms. In contrast, in the described in this paper, this position is occupied by a gallium atom.
Synthesis and crystallization
High-purity magnesium (99.90% purity; 0.2186 g), aluminium (99.95% purity; 0.0882 g), gallium (99.90% purity; 0.0976 g) and zinc (99.90% purity; 0.5955 g) were mixed evenly and ground well in an agate mortar. Subsequently, the blended powder was placed in a carbide grinding die with a diameter of 5 mm and pressed into a tablet at approximately 4 MPa for one minute. The resulting material was a cylindrical block that exhibited no signs of deformation or cracking. Further details regarding the high-pressure sintering experiment utilizing the 1-hexanol high-temperature and high-pressure apparatus can be found in elsewhere (Liu & Fan, 2018
). The sample was subjected to a pressure of 4 GPa and heated to a temperature of 1073 K for a period of 30 minutes, before being rapidly cooled to room temperature by the deactivation of the furnace power. A single crystal was selected and mounted on a glass fibre for SXRD measurements.
Refinement
Crystal data, data collection and structure details are summarized in Table 1
. Occupancies for atoms sharing the same site were refined: Zn2 and Al2 atoms have site occupancies of 0.833 (15) and 0.167 (15); Zn3 and Al3 atoms coexist in a position with occupancies 0.817 (12) and 0.183 (12); while Mg1 and Zn4 atoms coexist in a position with occupancies 0.818 (16) and 0.182 (16), respectively.
|
Structural data
CCDC reference: 2483585
contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S2414314625007709/bh4098sup1.cif
Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S2414314625007709/bh4098Isup2.hkl
Supporting information file. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S2414314625007709/bh4098sup3.docx
| Mg61.81Al12.77Zn61.42Ga24 | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
| Mr = 7535.29 | Cell parameters from 2565 reflections |
| Cubic, Im3 | θ = 3.2–27.0° |
| a = 14.1529 (17) Å | µ = 18.75 mm−1 |
| V = 2834.9 (10) Å3 | T = 296 K |
| Z = 1 | Lump, grey |
| F(000) = 3494 | 0.18 × 0.12 × 0.06 mm |
| Dx = 4.414 Mg m−3 |
| Bruker D8 Venture Photon 100 CMOS diffractometer | 341 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
| phi and ω scans | Rint = 0.152 |
| Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Krause et al., 2015) | θmax = 24.9°, θmin = 2.9° |
| Tmin = 0.496, Tmax = 0.523 | h = −15→16 |
| 7679 measured reflections | k = −16→11 |
| 475 independent reflections | l = −16→16 |
| Refinement on F2 | 0 restraints |
| Least-squares matrix: full | Primary atom site location: dual |
| R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.059 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0311P)2 + 65.7834P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
| wR(F2) = 0.105 | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
| S = 1.14 | Δρmax = 1.31 e Å−3 |
| 475 reflections | Δρmin = −0.83 e Å−3 |
| 42 parameters |
| x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | Occ. (<1) | |
| Ga1 | 0.000000 | 0.09285 (13) | 0.15109 (12) | 0.0124 (7) | |
| Zn2 | 0.000000 | 0.17895 (15) | 0.30668 (15) | 0.0127 (8) | 0.833 (15) |
| Al2 | 0.000000 | 0.17895 (15) | 0.30668 (15) | 0.0127 (8) | 0.167 (15) |
| Zn3 | 0.15792 (11) | 0.19038 (10) | 0.40335 (10) | 0.0134 (6) | 0.817 (12) |
| Al3 | 0.15792 (11) | 0.19038 (10) | 0.40335 (10) | 0.0134 (6) | 0.183 (12) |
| Mg1 | 0.4030 (4) | 0.000000 | 0.500000 | 0.014 (2) | 0.818 (16) |
| Zn4 | 0.4030 (4) | 0.000000 | 0.500000 | 0.014 (2) | 0.182 (16) |
| Mg2 | 0.1989 (6) | 0.000000 | 0.500000 | 0.019 (2) | |
| Mg3 | 0.1861 (3) | 0.1861 (3) | 0.1861 (3) | 0.0126 (17) | |
| Mg4 | 0.000000 | 0.3005 (4) | 0.1170 (4) | 0.0104 (14) |
| U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
| Ga1 | 0.0134 (11) | 0.0112 (12) | 0.0125 (12) | 0.000 | 0.000 | −0.0002 (8) |
| Zn2 | 0.0151 (14) | 0.0119 (14) | 0.0109 (13) | 0.000 | 0.000 | −0.0025 (10) |
| Al2 | 0.0151 (14) | 0.0119 (14) | 0.0109 (13) | 0.000 | 0.000 | −0.0025 (10) |
| Zn3 | 0.0108 (10) | 0.0152 (10) | 0.0142 (10) | 0.0009 (7) | −0.0005 (7) | 0.0004 (7) |
| Al3 | 0.0108 (10) | 0.0152 (10) | 0.0142 (10) | 0.0009 (7) | −0.0005 (7) | 0.0004 (7) |
| Mg1 | 0.009 (4) | 0.020 (4) | 0.012 (4) | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Zn4 | 0.009 (4) | 0.020 (4) | 0.012 (4) | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Mg2 | 0.013 (5) | 0.021 (5) | 0.022 (5) | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Mg3 | 0.0126 (17) | 0.0126 (17) | 0.0126 (17) | −0.0002 (17) | −0.0002 (17) | −0.0002 (17) |
| Mg4 | 0.009 (3) | 0.011 (3) | 0.010 (3) | 0.000 | 0.000 | −0.002 (2) |
| Ga1—Al2 | 2.517 (3) | Al2—Mg2vii | 3.236 (5) |
| Ga1—Zn2 | 2.517 (3) | Zn3—Zn3ix | 2.6686 (15) |
| Ga1—Ga1i | 2.628 (4) | Zn3—Zn3vii | 2.6687 (15) |
| Ga1—Ga1ii | 2.642 (2) | Zn3—Zn3x | 2.736 (3) |
| Ga1—Ga1iii | 2.642 (2) | Zn3—Mg1vii | 2.934 (3) |
| Ga1—Ga1iv | 2.642 (2) | Zn3—Mg2vii | 3.053 (4) |
| Ga1—Ga1v | 2.642 (2) | Zn3—Mg2 | 3.077 (2) |
| Ga1—Mg4 | 2.978 (6) | Zn3—Mg3xi | 3.088 (4) |
| Ga1—Mg3vi | 2.987 (6) | Zn3—Mg3 | 3.101 (4) |
| Ga1—Mg3 | 2.987 (6) | Zn3—Mg4ix | 3.106 (5) |
| Ga1—Mg4iii | 2.991 (5) | Zn3—Mg4iii | 3.117 (3) |
| Ga1—Mg4ii | 2.991 (5) | Al3—Mg2vii | 3.053 (4) |
| Zn2—Zn3vi | 2.6255 (19) | Al3—Mg2 | 3.077 (2) |
| Zn2—Zn3 | 2.6255 (19) | Al3—Mg3xi | 3.088 (4) |
| Zn2—Zn3vii | 2.684 (2) | Al3—Mg3 | 3.101 (4) |
| Zn2—Zn3viii | 2.684 (2) | Al3—Mg4ix | 3.106 (5) |
| Zn2—Mg1vii | 2.971 (3) | Al3—Mg4iii | 3.117 (3) |
| Zn2—Mg4ii | 3.028 (3) | Mg1—Mg1xii | 2.747 (11) |
| Zn2—Mg4iii | 3.028 (3) | Mg1—Mg2 | 2.888 (10) |
| Zn2—Mg3vi | 3.1400 (17) | Mg1—Mg2xiii | 3.132 (8) |
| Zn2—Mg3 | 3.1400 (17) | Mg1—Mg2ix | 3.132 (8) |
| Zn2—Mg4 | 3.188 (6) | Mg1—Mg4xiv | 3.550 (5) |
| Zn2—Mg2vii | 3.236 (5) | Mg1—Mg4xv | 3.550 (5) |
| Al2—Al3 | 2.6255 (19) | Zn4—Mg2 | 2.888 (10) |
| Al2—Mg4ii | 3.028 (3) | Zn4—Mg2xiii | 3.132 (8) |
| Al2—Mg4iii | 3.028 (3) | Zn4—Mg2ix | 3.132 (8) |
| Al2—Mg3vi | 3.1400 (17) | Mg2—Mg4iii | 3.052 (6) |
| Al2—Mg3 | 3.1400 (17) | Mg2—Mg4xvi | 3.052 (6) |
| Al2—Mg4 | 3.188 (6) | Mg3—Mg3xi | 3.133 (13) |
| Al2—Ga1—Ga1i | 118.96 (6) | Mg1xii—Mg1—Mg2 | 180.0 |
| Zn2—Ga1—Ga1i | 118.96 (6) | Mg1xii—Mg1—Zn3xvii | 116.75 (10) |
| Al2—Ga1—Ga1ii | 120.92 (4) | Mg2—Mg1—Zn3xvii | 63.25 (10) |
| Zn2—Ga1—Ga1ii | 120.92 (4) | Mg1xii—Mg1—Zn3xviii | 116.75 (10) |
| Ga1i—Ga1—Ga1ii | 60.17 (5) | Mg2—Mg1—Zn3xviii | 63.25 (10) |
| Al2—Ga1—Ga1iii | 120.92 (4) | Zn3xvii—Mg1—Zn3xviii | 126.5 (2) |
| Zn2—Ga1—Ga1iii | 120.92 (4) | Mg1xii—Mg1—Zn3ix | 116.75 (10) |
| Ga1i—Ga1—Ga1iii | 60.17 (5) | Mg2—Mg1—Zn3ix | 63.25 (10) |
| Ga1ii—Ga1—Ga1iii | 108.08 (2) | Zn3xvii—Mg1—Zn3ix | 55.56 (8) |
| Al2—Ga1—Ga1iv | 123.86 (6) | Zn3xviii—Mg1—Zn3ix | 99.22 (13) |
| Zn2—Ga1—Ga1iv | 123.86 (6) | Mg1xii—Mg1—Zn3xix | 116.75 (10) |
| Ga1i—Ga1—Ga1iv | 108.18 (5) | Mg2—Mg1—Zn3xix | 63.25 (10) |
| Ga1ii—Ga1—Ga1iv | 60.0 | Zn3xvii—Mg1—Zn3xix | 99.22 (13) |
| Ga1iii—Ga1—Ga1iv | 107.78 (6) | Zn3xviii—Mg1—Zn3xix | 55.56 (8) |
| Al2—Ga1—Ga1v | 123.86 (6) | Zn3ix—Mg1—Zn3xix | 126.5 (2) |
| Zn2—Ga1—Ga1v | 123.86 (6) | Mg1xii—Mg1—Zn2xvii | 112.96 (11) |
| Ga1i—Ga1—Ga1v | 108.18 (5) | Mg2—Mg1—Zn2xvii | 67.04 (11) |
| Ga1ii—Ga1—Ga1v | 107.78 (6) | Zn3xvii—Mg1—Zn2xvii | 52.79 (6) |
| Ga1iii—Ga1—Ga1v | 60.0 | Zn3xviii—Mg1—Zn2xvii | 104.69 (12) |
| Ga1iv—Ga1—Ga1v | 59.66 (9) | Zn3ix—Mg1—Zn2xvii | 104.69 (12) |
| Al2—Ga1—Mg4 | 70.35 (12) | Zn3xix—Mg1—Zn2xvii | 52.79 (6) |
| Zn2—Ga1—Mg4 | 70.35 (12) | Mg1xii—Mg1—Zn2ix | 112.96 (11) |
| Ga1i—Ga1—Mg4 | 170.69 (11) | Mg2—Mg1—Zn2ix | 67.04 (11) |
| Ga1ii—Ga1—Mg4 | 116.13 (7) | Zn3xvii—Mg1—Zn2ix | 104.69 (12) |
| Ga1iii—Ga1—Mg4 | 116.13 (7) | Zn3xviii—Mg1—Zn2ix | 52.79 (6) |
| Ga1iv—Ga1—Mg4 | 63.97 (11) | Zn3ix—Mg1—Zn2ix | 52.79 (6) |
| Ga1v—Ga1—Mg4 | 63.97 (11) | Zn3xix—Mg1—Zn2ix | 104.69 (12) |
| Zn2—Ga1—Mg3vi | 68.96 (7) | Zn2xvii—Mg1—Zn2ix | 134.1 (2) |
| Ga1i—Ga1—Mg3vi | 116.22 (4) | Mg1xii—Mg1—Mg2xiii | 63.99 (11) |
| Ga1ii—Ga1—Mg3vi | 63.76 (6) | Mg2—Mg1—Mg2xiii | 116.01 (11) |
| Ga1iii—Ga1—Mg3vi | 170.12 (8) | Zn3xvii—Mg1—Mg2xiii | 151.87 (3) |
| Ga1iv—Ga1—Mg3vi | 63.76 (6) | Zn3xviii—Mg1—Mg2xiii | 60.85 (6) |
| Ga1v—Ga1—Mg3vi | 115.78 (10) | Zn3ix—Mg1—Mg2xiii | 151.87 (3) |
| Mg4—Ga1—Mg3vi | 65.85 (4) | Zn3xix—Mg1—Mg2xiii | 60.85 (6) |
| Al2—Ga1—Mg3 | 68.96 (7) | Zn2xvii—Mg1—Mg2xiii | 99.85 (3) |
| Zn2—Ga1—Mg3 | 68.96 (7) | Zn2ix—Mg1—Mg2xiii | 99.85 (3) |
| Ga1i—Ga1—Mg3 | 116.22 (4) | Mg1xii—Mg1—Mg2ix | 63.99 (11) |
| Ga1ii—Ga1—Mg3 | 170.12 (8) | Mg2—Mg1—Mg2ix | 116.01 (11) |
| Ga1iii—Ga1—Mg3 | 63.76 (6) | Zn3xvii—Mg1—Mg2ix | 60.85 (6) |
| Ga1iv—Ga1—Mg3 | 115.79 (10) | Zn3xviii—Mg1—Mg2ix | 151.87 (3) |
| Ga1v—Ga1—Mg3 | 63.76 (6) | Zn3ix—Mg1—Mg2ix | 60.85 (6) |
| Mg4—Ga1—Mg3 | 65.85 (4) | Zn3xix—Mg1—Mg2ix | 151.87 (3) |
| Mg3vi—Ga1—Mg3 | 123.69 (11) | Zn2xvii—Mg1—Mg2ix | 99.85 (3) |
| Al2—Ga1—Mg4iii | 66.05 (9) | Zn2ix—Mg1—Mg2ix | 99.85 (3) |
| Zn2—Ga1—Mg4iii | 66.05 (9) | Mg2xiii—Mg1—Mg2ix | 128.0 (2) |
| Ga1i—Ga1—Mg4iii | 63.93 (5) | Mg1xii—Mg1—Mg4xiv | 67.24 (9) |
| Ga1ii—Ga1—Mg4iii | 116.77 (11) | Mg2—Mg1—Mg4xiv | 112.76 (9) |
| Ga1iii—Ga1—Mg4iii | 63.49 (11) | Zn3xvii—Mg1—Mg4xiv | 154.20 (9) |
| Ga1iv—Ga1—Mg4iii | 170.08 (8) | Zn3xviii—Mg1—Mg4xiv | 56.50 (6) |
| Ga1v—Ga1—Mg4iii | 115.72 (11) | Zn3ix—Mg1—Mg4xiv | 99.14 (8) |
| Mg4—Ga1—Mg4iii | 123.23 (13) | Zn3xix—Mg1—Mg4xiv | 100.92 (8) |
| Mg3vi—Ga1—Mg4iii | 124.42 (13) | Zn2xvii—Mg1—Mg4xiv | 152.04 (8) |
| Mg3—Ga1—Mg4iii | 65.70 (8) | Zn2ix—Mg1—Mg4xiv | 54.45 (7) |
| Al2—Ga1—Mg4ii | 66.05 (9) | Mg2xiii—Mg1—Mg4xiv | 53.91 (9) |
| Zn2—Ga1—Mg4ii | 66.05 (9) | Mg2ix—Mg1—Mg4xiv | 104.46 (13) |
| Ga1i—Ga1—Mg4ii | 63.93 (5) | Mg1xii—Mg1—Mg4xv | 67.24 (9) |
| Ga1ii—Ga1—Mg4ii | 63.49 (11) | Mg2—Mg1—Mg4xv | 112.76 (9) |
| Ga1iii—Ga1—Mg4ii | 116.77 (11) | Zn3xvii—Mg1—Mg4xv | 56.50 (6) |
| Ga1iv—Ga1—Mg4ii | 115.72 (11) | Zn3xviii—Mg1—Mg4xv | 154.20 (9) |
| Ga1v—Ga1—Mg4ii | 170.08 (8) | Zn3ix—Mg1—Mg4xv | 100.92 (8) |
| Mg4—Ga1—Mg4ii | 123.23 (13) | Zn3xix—Mg1—Mg4xv | 99.14 (8) |
| Mg3vi—Ga1—Mg4ii | 65.70 (8) | Zn2xvii—Mg1—Mg4xv | 54.45 (7) |
| Mg3—Ga1—Mg4ii | 124.42 (13) | Zn2ix—Mg1—Mg4xv | 152.04 (8) |
| Mg4iii—Ga1—Mg4ii | 67.3 (2) | Mg2xiii—Mg1—Mg4xv | 104.46 (13) |
| Ga1—Zn2—Zn3vi | 119.07 (6) | Mg2ix—Mg1—Mg4xv | 53.91 (9) |
| Ga1—Zn2—Zn3 | 119.07 (6) | Mg4xiv—Mg1—Mg4xv | 134.48 (18) |
| Zn3vi—Zn2—Zn3 | 116.69 (11) | Mg2—Zn4—Mg2xiii | 116.01 (11) |
| Ga1—Zn2—Zn3vii | 115.47 (8) | Mg2—Zn4—Mg2ix | 116.01 (11) |
| Zn3vi—Zn2—Zn3vii | 111.88 (9) | Mg2xiii—Zn4—Mg2ix | 128.0 (2) |
| Zn3—Zn2—Zn3vii | 60.34 (5) | Zn4—Mg2—Mg4iii | 112.31 (17) |
| Ga1—Zn2—Zn3viii | 115.47 (8) | Mg1—Mg2—Mg4iii | 112.31 (17) |
| Zn3vi—Zn2—Zn3viii | 60.34 (5) | Zn4—Mg2—Mg4xvi | 112.31 (17) |
| Zn3—Zn2—Zn3viii | 111.88 (9) | Mg1—Mg2—Mg4xvi | 112.31 (17) |
| Zn3vii—Zn2—Zn3viii | 61.28 (8) | Mg4iii—Mg2—Mg4xvi | 135.4 (3) |
| Ga1—Zn2—Mg1vii | 128.08 (13) | Mg1—Mg2—Zn3xviii | 59.12 (13) |
| Zn3vi—Zn2—Mg1vii | 62.88 (6) | Mg4iii—Mg2—Zn3xviii | 150.70 (9) |
| Zn3—Zn2—Mg1vii | 62.88 (6) | Mg4xvi—Mg2—Zn3xviii | 61.16 (9) |
| Zn3vii—Zn2—Mg1vii | 108.74 (11) | Zn4—Mg2—Zn3xix | 59.12 (13) |
| Zn3viii—Zn2—Mg1vii | 108.74 (11) | Mg1—Mg2—Zn3xix | 59.12 (13) |
| Ga1—Zn2—Mg4ii | 64.52 (11) | Mg4iii—Mg2—Zn3xix | 150.70 (9) |
| Zn3vi—Zn2—Mg4ii | 66.47 (10) | Mg4xvi—Mg2—Zn3xix | 61.16 (9) |
| Zn3—Zn2—Mg4ii | 122.16 (12) | Zn3xviii—Mg2—Zn3xix | 53.23 (9) |
| Zn3vii—Zn2—Mg4ii | 177.34 (11) | Zn4—Mg2—Zn3xvii | 59.12 (13) |
| Zn3viii—Zn2—Mg4ii | 116.18 (9) | Mg1—Mg2—Zn3xvii | 59.12 (13) |
| Mg1vii—Zn2—Mg4ii | 72.55 (13) | Mg4iii—Mg2—Zn3xvii | 61.16 (9) |
| Ga1—Zn2—Mg4iii | 64.52 (11) | Mg4xvi—Mg2—Zn3xvii | 150.70 (9) |
| Zn3vi—Zn2—Mg4iii | 122.16 (12) | Zn3xviii—Mg2—Zn3xvii | 118.2 (3) |
| Zn3—Zn2—Mg4iii | 66.47 (10) | Zn3xix—Mg2—Zn3xvii | 94.12 (17) |
| Zn3vii—Zn2—Mg4iii | 116.18 (9) | Zn4—Mg2—Zn3ix | 59.12 (13) |
| Zn3viii—Zn2—Mg4iii | 177.34 (11) | Mg1—Mg2—Zn3ix | 59.12 (13) |
| Mg1vii—Zn2—Mg4iii | 72.55 (13) | Mg4iii—Mg2—Zn3ix | 61.16 (9) |
| Mg4ii—Zn2—Mg4iii | 66.35 (18) | Mg4xvi—Mg2—Zn3ix | 150.70 (9) |
| Ga1—Zn2—Mg3vi | 62.62 (12) | Zn3xviii—Mg2—Zn3ix | 94.12 (17) |
| Zn3vi—Zn2—Mg3vi | 64.36 (10) | Zn3xix—Mg2—Zn3ix | 118.2 (3) |
| Zn3—Zn2—Mg3vi | 174.43 (10) | Zn3xvii—Mg2—Zn3ix | 53.23 (9) |
| Zn3vii—Zn2—Mg3vi | 114.09 (8) | Mg1—Mg2—Zn3 | 100.87 (15) |
| Zn3viii—Zn2—Mg3vi | 63.46 (10) | Mg4iii—Mg2—Zn3 | 61.13 (6) |
| Mg1vii—Zn2—Mg3vi | 120.86 (7) | Mg4xvi—Mg2—Zn3 | 109.86 (13) |
| Mg4ii—Zn2—Mg3vi | 63.41 (10) | Zn3xviii—Mg2—Zn3 | 91.71 (5) |
| Mg4iii—Zn2—Mg3vi | 118.05 (16) | Zn3xix—Mg2—Zn3 | 144.54 (16) |
| Ga1—Zn2—Mg3 | 62.62 (12) | Zn3xvii—Mg2—Zn3 | 99.42 (6) |
| Zn3vi—Zn2—Mg3 | 174.42 (10) | Zn3ix—Mg2—Zn3 | 51.61 (5) |
| Zn3—Zn2—Mg3 | 64.36 (10) | Zn4—Mg2—Al3 | 100.87 (15) |
| Zn3vii—Zn2—Mg3 | 63.46 (10) | Mg4iii—Mg2—Al3 | 61.13 (6) |
| Zn3viii—Zn2—Mg3 | 114.09 (8) | Mg4xvi—Mg2—Al3 | 109.86 (13) |
| Mg1vii—Zn2—Mg3 | 120.86 (7) | Mg1—Mg2—Zn3xx | 100.87 (15) |
| Mg4ii—Zn2—Mg3 | 118.05 (15) | Mg4iii—Mg2—Zn3xx | 61.13 (6) |
| Mg4iii—Zn2—Mg3 | 63.41 (10) | Mg4xvi—Mg2—Zn3xx | 109.86 (13) |
| Mg3vi—Zn2—Mg3 | 114.0 (2) | Zn3xviii—Mg2—Zn3xx | 144.54 (16) |
| Ga1—Zn2—Mg4 | 61.62 (11) | Zn3xix—Mg2—Zn3xx | 91.71 (5) |
| Zn3vi—Zn2—Mg4 | 113.92 (7) | Zn3xvii—Mg2—Zn3xx | 51.61 (5) |
| Zn3—Zn2—Mg4 | 113.92 (7) | Zn3ix—Mg2—Zn3xx | 99.42 (6) |
| Zn3vii—Zn2—Mg4 | 63.18 (9) | Zn3—Mg2—Zn3xx | 122.25 (11) |
| Zn3viii—Zn2—Mg4 | 63.18 (9) | Mg1—Mg2—Zn3x | 100.87 (15) |
| Mg1vii—Zn2—Mg4 | 170.30 (16) | Mg4iii—Mg2—Zn3x | 109.86 (13) |
| Mg4ii—Zn2—Mg4 | 115.29 (17) | Mg4xvi—Mg2—Zn3x | 61.13 (6) |
| Mg4iii—Zn2—Mg4 | 115.29 (17) | Zn3xviii—Mg2—Zn3x | 51.61 (5) |
| Mg3vi—Zn2—Mg4 | 61.64 (6) | Zn3xix—Mg2—Zn3x | 99.42 (6) |
| Mg3—Zn2—Mg4 | 61.65 (6) | Zn3xvii—Mg2—Zn3x | 144.54 (16) |
| Ga1—Zn2—Mg2vii | 176.67 (15) | Zn3ix—Mg2—Zn3x | 91.71 (5) |
| Zn3vi—Zn2—Mg2vii | 61.74 (6) | Zn3—Mg2—Zn3x | 52.79 (6) |
| Zn3—Zn2—Mg2vii | 61.74 (6) | Zn3xx—Mg2—Zn3x | 158.3 (3) |
| Zn3vii—Zn2—Mg2vii | 61.80 (11) | Ga1v—Mg3—Ga1iii | 52.48 (12) |
| Zn3viii—Zn2—Mg2vii | 61.80 (11) | Ga1v—Mg3—Ga1 | 52.48 (12) |
| Mg1vii—Zn2—Mg2vii | 55.25 (16) | Ga1iii—Mg3—Ga1 | 52.48 (12) |
| Mg4ii—Zn2—Mg2vii | 118.11 (14) | Ga1v—Mg3—Zn3ix | 144.34 (14) |
| Mg4iii—Zn2—Mg2vii | 118.11 (14) | Ga1iii—Mg3—Zn3ix | 92.77 (6) |
| Mg3vi—Zn2—Mg2vii | 116.25 (13) | Ga1—Mg3—Zn3ix | 115.89 (8) |
| Mg3—Zn2—Mg2vii | 116.25 (13) | Ga1v—Mg3—Zn3xi | 92.77 (6) |
| Mg4—Zn2—Mg2vii | 115.05 (17) | Ga1iii—Mg3—Zn3xi | 115.89 (8) |
| Ga1—Al2—Al3 | 119.07 (6) | Ga1—Mg3—Zn3xi | 144.34 (14) |
| Ga1—Al2—Mg4ii | 64.52 (11) | Zn3ix—Mg3—Zn3xi | 96.92 (14) |
| Al3—Al2—Mg4ii | 122.16 (12) | Ga1v—Mg3—Zn3vii | 115.89 (8) |
| Ga1—Al2—Mg4iii | 64.52 (11) | Ga1iii—Mg3—Zn3vii | 144.34 (14) |
| Al3—Al2—Mg4iii | 66.47 (10) | Ga1—Mg3—Zn3vii | 92.77 (6) |
| Mg4ii—Al2—Mg4iii | 66.35 (18) | Zn3ix—Mg3—Zn3vii | 96.92 (14) |
| Ga1—Al2—Mg3vi | 62.62 (12) | Zn3xi—Mg3—Zn3vii | 96.92 (14) |
| Mg4ii—Al2—Mg3vi | 63.41 (10) | Ga1v—Mg3—Zn3 | 145.14 (14) |
| Mg4iii—Al2—Mg3vi | 118.05 (16) | Ga1iii—Mg3—Zn3 | 115.72 (8) |
| Ga1—Al2—Mg3 | 62.62 (12) | Ga1—Mg3—Zn3 | 93.42 (6) |
| Al3—Al2—Mg3 | 64.36 (10) | Zn3ix—Mg3—Zn3 | 51.09 (6) |
| Mg4ii—Al2—Mg3 | 118.05 (15) | Zn3xi—Mg3—Zn3 | 119.2 (2) |
| Mg4iii—Al2—Mg3 | 63.41 (10) | Zn3vii—Mg3—Zn3 | 51.09 (6) |
| Mg3vi—Al2—Mg3 | 114.0 (2) | Ga1v—Mg3—Al3 | 145.14 (14) |
| Ga1—Al2—Mg4 | 61.62 (11) | Ga1iii—Mg3—Al3 | 115.72 (8) |
| Al3—Al2—Mg4 | 113.92 (7) | Ga1—Mg3—Al3 | 93.42 (6) |
| Mg4ii—Al2—Mg4 | 115.29 (17) | Ga1v—Mg3—Zn3iii | 115.72 (8) |
| Mg4iii—Al2—Mg4 | 115.29 (17) | Ga1iii—Mg3—Zn3iii | 93.42 (6) |
| Mg3vi—Al2—Mg4 | 61.64 (6) | Ga1—Mg3—Zn3iii | 145.14 (14) |
| Mg3—Al2—Mg4 | 61.65 (6) | Zn3ix—Mg3—Zn3iii | 51.09 (6) |
| Ga1—Al2—Mg2vii | 176.67 (15) | Zn3xi—Mg3—Zn3iii | 51.09 (6) |
| Al3—Al2—Mg2vii | 61.74 (6) | Zn3vii—Mg3—Zn3iii | 119.2 (2) |
| Mg4ii—Al2—Mg2vii | 118.11 (14) | Zn3—Mg3—Zn3iii | 96.35 (14) |
| Mg4iii—Al2—Mg2vii | 118.11 (14) | Al3—Mg3—Zn3iii | 96.35 (14) |
| Mg3vi—Al2—Mg2vii | 116.25 (13) | Ga1v—Mg3—Zn3v | 93.42 (6) |
| Mg3—Al2—Mg2vii | 116.25 (13) | Ga1iii—Mg3—Zn3v | 145.14 (14) |
| Mg4—Al2—Mg2vii | 115.05 (17) | Ga1—Mg3—Zn3v | 115.72 (8) |
| Zn2—Zn3—Zn3ix | 119.01 (9) | Zn3ix—Mg3—Zn3v | 119.2 (2) |
| Zn2—Zn3—Zn3vii | 60.91 (7) | Zn3xi—Mg3—Zn3v | 51.09 (6) |
| Zn3ix—Zn3—Zn3vii | 119.992 (2) | Zn3vii—Mg3—Zn3v | 51.09 (6) |
| Zn2—Zn3—Zn2ix | 177.23 (9) | Zn3—Mg3—Zn3v | 96.35 (14) |
| Zn3ix—Zn3—Zn2ix | 58.75 (7) | Al3—Mg3—Zn3v | 96.35 (14) |
| Zn3vii—Zn3—Zn2ix | 121.36 (9) | Zn3iii—Mg3—Zn3v | 96.35 (14) |
| Zn2—Zn3—Zn3x | 121.41 (5) | Ga1v—Mg3—Mg3xi | 149.30 (7) |
| Zn3ix—Zn3—Zn3x | 108.96 (5) | Ga1iii—Mg3—Mg3xi | 149.30 (7) |
| Zn3vii—Zn3—Zn3x | 119.81 (5) | Ga1—Mg3—Mg3xi | 149.30 (7) |
| Zn2ix—Zn3—Zn3x | 59.36 (4) | Zn3ix—Mg3—Mg3xi | 59.80 (11) |
| Zn2—Zn3—Mg1vii | 64.33 (6) | Zn3xi—Mg3—Mg3xi | 59.80 (11) |
| Zn3ix—Zn3—Mg1vii | 122.71 (12) | Zn3vii—Mg3—Mg3xi | 59.80 (11) |
| Zn3vii—Zn3—Mg1vii | 110.27 (10) | Zn3—Mg3—Mg3xi | 59.37 (11) |
| Zn2ix—Zn3—Mg1vii | 115.13 (6) | Zn3iii—Mg3—Mg3xi | 59.37 (11) |
| Zn3x—Zn3—Mg1vii | 62.22 (4) | Zn3v—Mg3—Mg3xi | 59.37 (11) |
| Zn2—Zn3—Mg2vii | 69.02 (7) | Ga1v—Mg3—Zn2v | 48.42 (7) |
| Zn3ix—Zn3—Mg2vii | 171.76 (8) | Ga1iii—Mg3—Zn2v | 95.93 (15) |
| Zn3vii—Zn3—Mg2vii | 64.65 (11) | Ga1—Mg3—Zn2v | 94.16 (15) |
| Zn2ix—Zn3—Mg2vii | 113.17 (7) | Zn3ix—Mg3—Zn2v | 147.23 (14) |
| Zn3x—Zn3—Mg2vii | 63.38 (5) | Zn3xi—Mg3—Zn2v | 51.05 (5) |
| Mg1vii—Zn3—Mg2vii | 57.63 (16) | Zn3vii—Mg3—Zn2v | 94.19 (6) |
| Zn2—Zn3—Mg2 | 109.77 (14) | Zn3—Mg3—Zn2v | 144.78 (13) |
| Zn3ix—Zn3—Mg2 | 63.73 (13) | Al3—Mg3—Zn2v | 144.78 (13) |
| Zn3vii—Zn3—Mg2 | 170.67 (15) | Zn3iii—Mg3—Zn2v | 96.79 (6) |
| Zn2ix—Zn3—Mg2 | 67.97 (13) | Zn3v—Mg3—Zn2v | 49.75 (5) |
| Zn3x—Zn3—Mg2 | 63.61 (3) | Mg3xi—Mg3—Zn2v | 100.90 (12) |
| Mg1vii—Zn3—Mg2 | 62.75 (17) | Ga1—Mg4—Ga1iv | 52.54 (10) |
| Mg2vii—Zn3—Mg2 | 112.85 (5) | Ga1—Mg4—Ga1v | 52.54 (10) |
| Zn2—Zn3—Mg3xi | 115.46 (11) | Ga1iv—Mg4—Ga1v | 52.13 (11) |
| Zn3ix—Zn3—Mg3xi | 64.72 (4) | Ga1—Mg4—Zn2iv | 96.72 (12) |
| Zn3vii—Zn3—Mg3xi | 64.72 (4) | Ga1iv—Mg4—Zn2iv | 49.44 (8) |
| Zn2ix—Zn3—Mg3xi | 65.49 (9) | Ga1v—Mg4—Zn2iv | 94.87 (15) |
| Zn3x—Zn3—Mg3xi | 114.21 (11) | Ga1—Mg4—Zn2v | 96.72 (12) |
| Mg1vii—Zn3—Mg3xi | 172.14 (13) | Ga1iv—Mg4—Zn2v | 94.87 (15) |
| Mg2vii—Zn3—Mg3xi | 114.62 (14) | Ga1v—Mg4—Zn2v | 49.44 (8) |
| Mg2—Zn3—Mg3xi | 122.91 (15) | Zn2iv—Mg4—Zn2v | 113.55 (18) |
| Zn2—Zn3—Mg3 | 65.89 (9) | Ga1—Mg4—Mg2v | 148.4 (2) |
| Zn3ix—Zn3—Mg3 | 64.19 (4) | Ga1iv—Mg4—Mg2v | 149.83 (13) |
| Zn3vii—Zn3—Mg3 | 64.19 (4) | Ga1v—Mg4—Mg2v | 149.83 (13) |
| Zn2ix—Zn3—Mg3 | 113.26 (10) | Zn2iv—Mg4—Mg2v | 100.43 (14) |
| Zn3x—Zn3—Mg3 | 172.53 (7) | Zn2v—Mg4—Mg2v | 100.43 (14) |
| Mg1vii—Zn3—Mg3 | 123.46 (12) | Ga1—Mg4—Zn3vii | 92.58 (14) |
| Mg2vii—Zn3—Mg3 | 123.26 (7) | Ga1iv—Mg4—Zn3vii | 144.45 (19) |
| Mg2—Zn3—Mg3 | 113.54 (7) | Ga1v—Mg4—Zn3vii | 115.25 (10) |
| Mg3xi—Zn3—Mg3 | 60.8 (2) | Zn2iv—Mg4—Zn3vii | 147.47 (14) |
| Zn2—Zn3—Mg4ix | 116.41 (11) | Zn2v—Mg4—Zn3vii | 96.10 (6) |
| Zn3ix—Zn3—Mg4ix | 115.28 (12) | Mg2v—Mg4—Zn3vii | 59.44 (16) |
| Zn3vii—Zn3—Mg4ix | 64.82 (9) | Ga1—Mg4—Zn3viii | 92.58 (14) |
| Zn2ix—Zn3—Mg4ix | 66.36 (11) | Ga1iv—Mg4—Zn3viii | 115.25 (10) |
| Zn3x—Zn3—Mg4ix | 63.87 (5) | Ga1v—Mg4—Zn3viii | 144.45 (19) |
| Mg1vii—Zn3—Mg4ix | 109.51 (12) | Zn2iv—Mg4—Zn3viii | 96.10 (6) |
| Mg2vii—Zn3—Mg4ix | 59.40 (14) | Zn2v—Mg4—Zn3viii | 147.47 (14) |
| Mg2—Zn3—Mg4ix | 122.48 (9) | Mg2v—Mg4—Zn3viii | 59.44 (16) |
| Mg3xi—Zn3—Mg4ix | 63.14 (12) | Zn3vii—Mg4—Zn3viii | 52.26 (10) |
| Mg3—Zn3—Mg4ix | 115.43 (11) | Ga1—Mg4—Zn3v | 115.52 (10) |
| Zn2—Zn3—Mg4iii | 62.96 (10) | Ga1iv—Mg4—Zn3v | 144.38 (14) |
| Zn3ix—Zn3—Mg4iii | 64.39 (12) | Ga1v—Mg4—Zn3v | 93.05 (6) |
| Zn3vii—Zn3—Mg4iii | 113.77 (11) | Zn2iv—Mg4—Zn3v | 144.22 (19) |
| Zn2ix—Zn3—Mg4iii | 114.27 (11) | Zn2v—Mg4—Zn3v | 50.57 (5) |
| Zn3x—Zn3—Mg4iii | 117.84 (9) | Mg2v—Mg4—Zn3v | 59.83 (9) |
| Mg1vii—Zn3—Mg4iii | 71.77 (13) | Zn3vii—Mg4—Zn3v | 50.79 (7) |
| Mg2vii—Zn3—Mg4iii | 121.14 (15) | Zn3viii—Mg4—Zn3v | 97.44 (14) |
| Mg2—Zn3—Mg4iii | 59.04 (10) | Ga1—Mg4—Zn3xxi | 115.52 (10) |
| Mg3xi—Zn3—Mg4iii | 115.51 (14) | Ga1iv—Mg4—Zn3xxi | 93.05 (6) |
| Mg3—Zn3—Mg4iii | 62.87 (13) | Ga1v—Mg4—Zn3xxi | 144.38 (14) |
| Mg4ix—Zn3—Mg4iii | 178.29 (12) | Zn2iv—Mg4—Zn3xxi | 50.57 (5) |
| Al2—Al3—Mg2vii | 69.02 (7) | Zn2v—Mg4—Zn3xxi | 144.22 (19) |
| Al2—Al3—Mg2 | 109.77 (14) | Mg2v—Mg4—Zn3xxi | 59.83 (9) |
| Mg2vii—Al3—Mg2 | 112.85 (5) | Zn3vii—Mg4—Zn3xxi | 97.44 (14) |
| Mg2vii—Al3—Mg3xi | 114.62 (14) | Zn3viii—Mg4—Zn3xxi | 50.79 (7) |
| Mg2—Al3—Mg3xi | 122.91 (15) | Zn3v—Mg4—Zn3xxi | 119.66 (18) |
| Al2—Al3—Mg3 | 65.89 (9) | Ga1—Mg4—Zn2 | 48.03 (9) |
| Mg2vii—Al3—Mg3 | 123.26 (7) | Ga1iv—Mg4—Zn2 | 94.86 (14) |
| Mg2—Al3—Mg3 | 113.54 (7) | Ga1v—Mg4—Zn2 | 94.86 (14) |
| Mg3xi—Al3—Mg3 | 60.8 (2) | Zn2iv—Mg4—Zn2 | 118.44 (10) |
| Al2—Al3—Mg4ix | 116.41 (11) | Zn2v—Mg4—Zn2 | 118.44 (10) |
| Mg2vii—Al3—Mg4ix | 59.40 (14) | Mg2v—Mg4—Zn2 | 100.4 (2) |
| Mg2—Al3—Mg4ix | 122.48 (9) | Zn3vii—Mg4—Zn2 | 50.46 (9) |
| Mg3xi—Al3—Mg4ix | 63.14 (12) | Zn3viii—Mg4—Zn2 | 50.46 (9) |
| Mg3—Al3—Mg4ix | 115.43 (11) | Zn3v—Mg4—Zn2 | 95.50 (12) |
| Al2—Al3—Mg4iii | 62.96 (10) | Zn3xxi—Mg4—Zn2 | 95.50 (12) |
| Mg2vii—Al3—Mg4iii | 121.14 (15) | Ga1—Mg4—Al2 | 48.03 (9) |
| Mg2—Al3—Mg4iii | 59.04 (10) | Ga1iv—Mg4—Al2 | 94.86 (14) |
| Mg3xi—Al3—Mg4iii | 115.51 (14) | Ga1v—Mg4—Al2 | 94.86 (14) |
| Mg3—Al3—Mg4iii | 62.87 (13) | Mg2v—Mg4—Al2 | 100.4 (2) |
| Mg4ix—Al3—Mg4iii | 178.29 (12) |
| Symmetry codes: (i) −x, −y, z; (ii) −z, x, y; (iii) z, x, y; (iv) −y, z, −x; (v) y, z, x; (vi) −x, y, z; (vii) −z+1/2, −x+1/2, −y+1/2; (viii) z−1/2, −x+1/2, −y+1/2; (ix) −y+1/2, −z+1/2, −x+1/2; (x) x, y, −z+1; (xi) −x+1/2, −y+1/2, −z+1/2; (xii) −x+1, −y, −z+1; (xiii) y+1/2, z−1/2, x+1/2; (xiv) −x+1/2, −y+1/2, z+1/2; (xv) x+1/2, y−1/2, −z+1/2; (xvi) z, −x, −y+1; (xvii) −y+1/2, z−1/2, −x+1/2; (xviii) −y+1/2, −z+1/2, x+1/2; (xix) −y+1/2, z−1/2, x+1/2; (xx) x, −y, z; (xxi) −y, z, x. |
Acknowledgements
We are indebted to Yibo Liu and Huizi Liu for useful discussions.
Funding information
Funding for this research was provided by: The National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant No. 52173231; grant No. U23A20537); The Innovation Ability Promotion Project of Hebei supported by Hebei Key Lab for Optimizing Metal Product Technology and Performance (grant No. 22567609H).
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