organic compounds
5,6-Dimethylbenzo[d][1,3]oxatellurole
aDepartment of Chemistry, Lafayette, LA 70403, USA, and bDepartment of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
*Correspondence e-mail: thomas.junk@louisiana.edu
The structure of the title compound, C9H10OTe, at 100 K has orthorhombic (P21212) symmetry with two independent molecules in the (Z′ = 2). The molecules are folded along their Te⋯O axes, with their Te–C–O planes angled at an average of 25.1° with respect to the remaining non-H atoms, which are almost coplanar (average deviation from planarity = 0.04 Å). A Hirshfeld plot shows weak intermolecular interactions between the two Te atoms located in each asymmetric molecule, with a Te⋯Te distance of 3.7191 (4) Å. The structure is strongly pseudosymmetric to the Pccn with Z′ = 1. The crystal chosen for data collection was found to be was an inversion twin.
Keywords: tellurium; heterocyclic; organotellurium; oxatellurole; crystal structure.
CCDC reference: 2314478
Structure description
Tellurium/oxygen-containing heterocycles have received significant attention as potent enzyme inhibitors and antioxidants. Thus, organotelluroxetanes inhibit cysteine et al., 2008) while derivatives of 1,3,2-dioxatellurolane inhibit IL-1 β converting enzyme (Brodsky et al., 2007; Ba et al., 2010) and (Albeck et al., 1998). Derivatives of [1,2]oxatellurole act as glutathione peroxidase mimetics (Back et al., 2005) while octa-O-bis-(R,R)-tartarate ditellurane (`SAS') provides pro-apoptotic signaling in drug-resistant multiple myeloma (Zigman-Hoffman et al., 2021). [1,4]Oxatelluranes have been known for over seventy years (Farrar & Gulland, 1945). In contrast, [1,3]oxatelluroles have remained unknown, making the title compound, 5,6-dimethylbenzo[d][1,3]oxatellurole, C9H10OTe, the first member of this class: the two molecules in the are shown in Fig. 1.
(PersikeFurthermore, a search of the Cambridge Structural Database (May 2021 update; Groom et al., 2016) for [1,3]oxaselenoles and [1,3]oxathioles indicates a paucity of such structures as well. One [1,3]oxaselenole (Laitalainen et al., 1983) and thirteen sulfur congeners are known, such as the structurally similar 6,6-dimethyl-[1,3]dioxolo[4′,5′:4,5]benzo[1,2-d][1,3]oxathiole-8-carbaldehyde (Wessig et al., 2021). Reported derivatives of selenafulvalene and tetratellurafulvalene (Kojima et al., 2004; Carroll et al., 1982) bear only limited structural resemblance to the title compound, since these molecules are almost planar due to the absence of an sp3-hybridized carbon atom in the heteroaromatic ring. The non-planarity in the title compound accommodates near-tetrahedral angles at the bridging carbon atom [Te1—C7—O1 = 108.27 (19), Te2—C16—O2 = 108.16 (19)°] for the two independent molecules; the C1—Te1—C7 and C10—Te2—C16 angles are 78.40 (11) and 78.24 (11)°, respectively.
The Hirshfeld surface enclosing each of the two independent molecules was calculated with respect to de, di and dnorm using the Crystal Explorer program (Spackman et al., 2021), where de and di represent the nearest distance of external or internal nucleus from a point of interest on the iso-surface. The surfaces of both independent molecules are nearly identical, indicating interactions as bright-red areas on the Hirshfeld surface as shown in Fig. 2. The strongest of these corresponds to the Te1⋯Te2 close contact of 3.7191 (4) Å between the tellurium atoms in the two independent molecules (Fig. 1). This compares to 2.7072 (9) Å for the representative covalent Te—Te bond of diphenyl ditelluride (Fuller et al., 2010), indicating a relatively weak interaction. A two-dimensional fingerprint plot highlighting the reciprocal Te⋯Te contact is shown in Fig. 3: it accounts for 8.8% of the surface area.
checkCIF (Spek, 2020) reports a 100% fit for an inversion center in the title structure and suggests Pccn. Indeed, the structure can be solved and refined in Pccn with Z′ = 1, but the R(F) value is 0.18, the ellipsoids are elongated, and there are numerous violations of all three glide-plane absence conditions. The P21212 yields a local center at 0.740, 0.758, 0.749, offset from the position necessary for Pccn, so it is clear that this is a case of the `inverse Marsh' situation (Fronczek, 2018), where the structure can be approximately described in a of too high symmetry.
Synthesis and crystallization
The title compound was prepared in three steps, starting with 3,4-dimethylphenol and tellurium tetrachloride as outlined in Fig. 4.
2-Hydroxy-3,4-dimethyltellurium trichloride: A 100 ml round-bottom flask with magnetic stirring, reflux condenser and drying tube was charged with tellurium tetrachloride (4.31 g, 16 mmol), 3,4-dimethylphenol (1.95 g, 16 mmol) and dry toluene (8 ml). The mixture was stirred and heated to reflux for 45 min. A color change to dark yellow was observed. The clear solution was decanted from solids (mostly tellurium) while still hot and allowed to cool. The resulting product was collected by filtration. Yellow crystals, 2.77 g (49%). The product was pure enough for further use. An analytical sample was obtained by recrystallization from acetonitrile, m.p. 174–175°C, 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, p.p.m.): 2.18 (s, 3H); 2.21 (s, 3H) 6.78 (s, 1H), 7.62 (s, 1H). 13C NMR (CDCl3, p.p.m.): 18.68, 19.53, 117.00, 128.44, 130.70, 141.85, 154.33.
Bis(2-hydroxy-4,5-dimethylphenyl) ditelluride: A 100 ml round-bottom flask with magnetic stirring was charged with 2-hydroxy-3,4-dimethyltellurium trichloride (2.13 g, 6 mmol), sodium metabisulfite (3.42 g, 18 mmol), 95% ethanol (2 ml), water (10 ml) and dichloromethane (10 ml). The mixture was stirred for 5 min, during which time it turned dark red. It was subjected to centrifugation to achieve The organic phase was collected with a pipette and the solvent evaporated as quickly as feasible under reduced pressure. Red solid, 0.72 g (48%), mp ∼310°C (decomposition). The product is stable in solid form but decomposes rapidly in solution with tellurium formation. Consequently, it was not characterized by NMR spectroscopy.
5,6-Dimethylbenzo[d][1,3]oxatellurole: A 50 ml round-bottom flask with magnetic stirring, reflux condenser and nitrogen purge line was charged with bis(2-hydroxy-4,5-dimethylphenyl) ditelluride (0.24 g, 0.5 mmol) and 95% ethanol (5 ml). The mixture was purged with nitrogen and excess sodium borohydride was added (80 mg, 2 mmol). The mixture was stirred for 5 min, then brought to reflux for 2 min to assure complete reduction. Diiodomethane was added (0.2 g, 0.75 mmol) and heating resumed for another 5 min, resulting in a color change to yellow. The product subsequently precipitated after addition of water (15 ml) and was collected by centrifugation. It was taken up in chloroform (5 ml), the solution centrifuged to remove traces of solids and the product crystallized by concentration to approx. 1 ml volume. Yellow needles, 61 mg (23%), m.p. 159–160°C. Like other monotellurides, the product is prone to slow oxidation in solution in solution. A crystal suitable for X-ray crystallography was obtained by concentration of a solution in chloroform. 1H NMR (CDCl3, p.p.m.): 2.16 (s, 3H), 2.22 (s, 3H), 6.35 (s, 2H), 6.632 (s, 1H), 7.009 (s, 1 H). 13C NMR (CDCl3, p.p.m.): 19.04, 19.64, 51.11, 101.94, 112.81, 131.32, 132.93, 136.67, 159.58.
Refinement
Crystal data, data collection and structure . The (Flack & Bernardinelli, 2000) refined to 0.49 (4), indicative of an inversion twin.
details are summarized in Table 1Structural data
CCDC reference: 2314478
https://doi.org/10.1107/S2414314623010763/hb4459sup1.cif
contains datablock I. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S2414314623010763/hb4459Isup2.hkl
Supporting information file. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S2414314623010763/hb4459Isup3.mol
Supporting information file. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S2414314623010763/hb4459Isup4.cml
C9H10OTe | Dx = 2.069 Mg m−3 |
Mr = 261.77 | Ag Kα radiation, λ = 0.56086 Å |
Orthorhombic, P21212 | Cell parameters from 9865 reflections |
a = 13.6947 (12) Å | θ = 2.4–30.8° |
b = 23.467 (2) Å | µ = 1.84 mm−1 |
c = 5.2287 (6) Å | T = 100 K |
V = 1680.3 (3) Å3 | Needle, yellow |
Z = 8 | 0.23 × 0.10 × 0.09 mm |
F(000) = 992 |
Bruker D8 Venture DUO with Photon III C14 diffractometer | 9763 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Radiation source: IµS 3.0 microfocus | Rint = 0.080 |
φ and ω scans | θmax = 31.3°, θmin = 2.4° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Krause et al., 2015) | h = −23→25 |
Tmin = 0.701, Tmax = 0.852 | k = −43→43 |
83209 measured reflections | l = −9→9 |
11161 independent reflections |
Refinement on F2 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
Least-squares matrix: full | H-atom parameters constrained |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.033 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0081P)2 + 1.4627P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
wR(F2) = 0.061 | (Δ/σ)max = 0.001 |
S = 1.05 | Δρmax = 1.74 e Å−3 |
11161 reflections | Δρmin = −1.28 e Å−3 |
204 parameters | Absolute structure: Refined as an inversion twin. |
0 restraints | Absolute structure parameter: 0.49 (4) |
Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refined as a 2-component inversion twin. All H atoms were located in difference maps and then treated as riding in geometrically idealized positions with C—H distances 0.95 Å and with Uiso(H) = 1.2Ueq for the attached C atom (0.98 Å and 1.5Ueq for methyl groups). |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
Te1 | 0.60109 (2) | 0.44282 (2) | 0.70610 (4) | 0.01156 (3) | |
O1 | 0.66046 (16) | 0.32225 (8) | 0.7300 (5) | 0.0171 (4) | |
C1 | 0.7160 (2) | 0.40889 (11) | 0.9272 (6) | 0.0125 (5) | |
C2 | 0.7249 (2) | 0.35032 (12) | 0.8897 (6) | 0.0139 (5) | |
C3 | 0.7937 (2) | 0.31871 (13) | 1.0236 (6) | 0.0157 (5) | |
H3 | 0.799879 | 0.278965 | 0.993125 | 0.019* | |
C4 | 0.8534 (2) | 0.34532 (12) | 1.2023 (8) | 0.0165 (5) | |
C5 | 0.8459 (2) | 0.40437 (13) | 1.2423 (6) | 0.0156 (6) | |
C6 | 0.7776 (2) | 0.43536 (13) | 1.1010 (6) | 0.0146 (5) | |
H6 | 0.773282 | 0.475424 | 1.124329 | 0.018* | |
C7 | 0.6149 (2) | 0.35744 (11) | 0.5459 (6) | 0.0139 (5) | |
H7A | 0.549569 | 0.342150 | 0.502599 | 0.017* | |
H7B | 0.654591 | 0.358629 | 0.387739 | 0.017* | |
C8 | 0.9241 (2) | 0.31015 (15) | 1.3595 (7) | 0.0229 (7) | |
H8A | 0.926472 | 0.271228 | 1.291820 | 0.034* | |
H8B | 0.902188 | 0.309218 | 1.537911 | 0.034* | |
H8C | 0.989287 | 0.327225 | 1.350549 | 0.034* | |
C9 | 0.9089 (2) | 0.43445 (15) | 1.4362 (7) | 0.0227 (6) | |
H9A | 0.901315 | 0.475753 | 1.416802 | 0.034* | |
H9B | 0.977412 | 0.424028 | 1.408941 | 0.034* | |
H9C | 0.888931 | 0.423143 | 1.608829 | 0.034* | |
Te2 | 0.40868 (2) | 0.43608 (2) | 0.20506 (4) | 0.01157 (3) | |
O2 | 0.36896 (16) | 0.31277 (8) | 0.2343 (5) | 0.0164 (4) | |
C10 | 0.2997 (2) | 0.39623 (11) | 0.4274 (6) | 0.0123 (5) | |
C11 | 0.3004 (2) | 0.33735 (11) | 0.3916 (6) | 0.0134 (5) | |
C12 | 0.2362 (2) | 0.30266 (12) | 0.5262 (6) | 0.0144 (5) | |
H12 | 0.236775 | 0.262634 | 0.499077 | 0.017* | |
C13 | 0.1713 (2) | 0.32627 (12) | 0.6998 (7) | 0.0151 (5) | |
C14 | 0.1696 (2) | 0.38537 (12) | 0.7403 (6) | 0.0143 (5) | |
C15 | 0.2342 (2) | 0.41978 (12) | 0.5996 (7) | 0.0150 (5) | |
H15 | 0.232865 | 0.459917 | 0.622981 | 0.018* | |
C16 | 0.4082 (2) | 0.35010 (11) | 0.0473 (6) | 0.0146 (5) | |
H16A | 0.367958 | 0.348854 | −0.109910 | 0.018* | |
H16B | 0.475554 | 0.338379 | 0.002856 | 0.018* | |
C17 | 0.1054 (3) | 0.28707 (14) | 0.8522 (7) | 0.0213 (6) | |
H17A | 0.110824 | 0.248173 | 0.785524 | 0.032* | |
H17B | 0.037659 | 0.300080 | 0.837329 | 0.032* | |
H17C | 0.125151 | 0.287618 | 1.032360 | 0.032* | |
C18 | 0.1027 (2) | 0.41186 (15) | 0.9348 (7) | 0.0202 (6) | |
H18A | 0.126438 | 0.403030 | 1.107197 | 0.030* | |
H18B | 0.036663 | 0.396560 | 0.913427 | 0.030* | |
H18C | 0.101551 | 0.453273 | 0.910780 | 0.030* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
Te1 | 0.01223 (6) | 0.00991 (5) | 0.01252 (8) | 0.00161 (5) | 0.00064 (7) | 0.00114 (6) |
O1 | 0.0230 (10) | 0.0110 (7) | 0.0173 (12) | 0.0028 (7) | −0.0044 (9) | −0.0001 (8) |
C1 | 0.0140 (12) | 0.0119 (10) | 0.0115 (13) | 0.0022 (9) | 0.0008 (10) | 0.0007 (9) |
C2 | 0.0156 (12) | 0.0142 (10) | 0.0118 (12) | 0.0023 (9) | 0.0008 (10) | −0.0006 (9) |
C3 | 0.0158 (12) | 0.0157 (11) | 0.0155 (14) | 0.0036 (10) | 0.0017 (11) | 0.0022 (10) |
C4 | 0.0137 (11) | 0.0210 (11) | 0.0147 (12) | 0.0054 (9) | 0.0022 (13) | 0.0019 (13) |
C5 | 0.0114 (10) | 0.0239 (12) | 0.0116 (15) | 0.0003 (9) | 0.0012 (9) | −0.0007 (9) |
C6 | 0.0143 (11) | 0.0168 (11) | 0.0127 (12) | 0.0006 (10) | −0.0004 (10) | −0.0021 (10) |
C7 | 0.0161 (12) | 0.0120 (10) | 0.0136 (13) | 0.0007 (9) | −0.0008 (10) | −0.0023 (9) |
C8 | 0.0173 (14) | 0.0296 (15) | 0.0219 (17) | 0.0074 (12) | −0.0014 (12) | 0.0063 (13) |
C9 | 0.0157 (12) | 0.0352 (16) | 0.0172 (15) | −0.0019 (14) | −0.0029 (11) | −0.0050 (13) |
Te2 | 0.01233 (7) | 0.01001 (6) | 0.01239 (8) | −0.00127 (5) | −0.00103 (7) | 0.00133 (6) |
O2 | 0.0214 (9) | 0.0116 (7) | 0.0160 (12) | −0.0015 (7) | 0.0048 (9) | −0.0006 (7) |
C10 | 0.0132 (11) | 0.0122 (10) | 0.0114 (12) | −0.0020 (9) | −0.0005 (9) | 0.0012 (9) |
C11 | 0.0153 (12) | 0.0122 (10) | 0.0126 (12) | −0.0020 (9) | −0.0014 (10) | −0.0008 (9) |
C12 | 0.0173 (13) | 0.0140 (10) | 0.0121 (13) | −0.0037 (9) | −0.0016 (11) | −0.0001 (9) |
C13 | 0.0143 (10) | 0.0174 (10) | 0.0135 (12) | −0.0052 (8) | −0.0034 (12) | 0.0010 (12) |
C14 | 0.0121 (10) | 0.0194 (11) | 0.0115 (15) | 0.0001 (9) | −0.0007 (9) | −0.0001 (9) |
C15 | 0.0141 (12) | 0.0151 (11) | 0.0157 (14) | 0.0001 (9) | −0.0022 (11) | −0.0011 (10) |
C16 | 0.0189 (13) | 0.0120 (9) | 0.0130 (13) | −0.0009 (10) | −0.0008 (11) | −0.0021 (8) |
C17 | 0.0200 (14) | 0.0238 (13) | 0.0201 (17) | −0.0080 (12) | 0.0031 (12) | 0.0034 (11) |
C18 | 0.0164 (13) | 0.0287 (14) | 0.0157 (15) | 0.0001 (12) | 0.0003 (12) | −0.0025 (11) |
Te1—C1 | 2.108 (3) | Te2—C10 | 2.110 (3) |
Te1—C7 | 2.180 (3) | Te2—C16 | 2.180 (3) |
O1—C2 | 1.382 (4) | O2—C11 | 1.375 (4) |
O1—C7 | 1.414 (4) | O2—C16 | 1.419 (4) |
C1—C6 | 1.387 (4) | C10—C15 | 1.387 (4) |
C1—C2 | 1.394 (4) | C10—C11 | 1.394 (4) |
C2—C3 | 1.388 (4) | C11—C12 | 1.390 (4) |
C3—C4 | 1.390 (5) | C12—C13 | 1.386 (5) |
C3—H3 | 0.9500 | C12—H12 | 0.9500 |
C4—C5 | 1.405 (4) | C13—C14 | 1.403 (4) |
C4—C8 | 1.514 (4) | C13—C17 | 1.515 (4) |
C5—C6 | 1.396 (4) | C14—C15 | 1.405 (4) |
C5—C9 | 1.506 (4) | C14—C18 | 1.503 (4) |
C6—H6 | 0.9500 | C15—H15 | 0.9500 |
C7—H7A | 0.9900 | C16—H16A | 0.9900 |
C7—H7B | 0.9900 | C16—H16B | 0.9900 |
C8—H8A | 0.9800 | C17—H17A | 0.9800 |
C8—H8B | 0.9800 | C17—H17B | 0.9800 |
C8—H8C | 0.9800 | C17—H17C | 0.9800 |
C9—H9A | 0.9800 | C18—H18A | 0.9800 |
C9—H9B | 0.9800 | C18—H18B | 0.9800 |
C9—H9C | 0.9800 | C18—H18C | 0.9800 |
C1—Te1—C7 | 78.40 (11) | C10—Te2—C16 | 78.24 (11) |
C2—O1—C7 | 114.5 (2) | C11—O2—C16 | 114.3 (2) |
C6—C1—C2 | 118.7 (3) | C15—C10—C11 | 119.1 (3) |
C6—C1—Te1 | 130.1 (2) | C15—C10—Te2 | 129.7 (2) |
C2—C1—Te1 | 111.2 (2) | C11—C10—Te2 | 111.1 (2) |
O1—C2—C3 | 118.9 (2) | O2—C11—C12 | 119.3 (2) |
O1—C2—C1 | 119.9 (3) | O2—C11—C10 | 120.0 (3) |
C3—C2—C1 | 121.0 (3) | C12—C11—C10 | 120.6 (3) |
C2—C3—C4 | 119.9 (3) | C13—C12—C11 | 120.2 (3) |
C2—C3—H3 | 120.1 | C13—C12—H12 | 119.9 |
C4—C3—H3 | 120.1 | C11—C12—H12 | 119.9 |
C3—C4—C5 | 120.0 (3) | C12—C13—C14 | 120.3 (3) |
C3—C4—C8 | 119.7 (3) | C12—C13—C17 | 118.9 (3) |
C5—C4—C8 | 120.2 (3) | C14—C13—C17 | 120.7 (3) |
C6—C5—C4 | 118.9 (3) | C13—C14—C15 | 118.6 (3) |
C6—C5—C9 | 119.7 (3) | C13—C14—C18 | 121.4 (3) |
C4—C5—C9 | 121.4 (3) | C15—C14—C18 | 120.0 (3) |
C1—C6—C5 | 121.4 (3) | C10—C15—C14 | 121.2 (3) |
C1—C6—H6 | 119.3 | C10—C15—H15 | 119.4 |
C5—C6—H6 | 119.3 | C14—C15—H15 | 119.4 |
O1—C7—Te1 | 108.27 (19) | O2—C16—Te2 | 108.16 (19) |
O1—C7—H7A | 110.0 | O2—C16—H16A | 110.1 |
Te1—C7—H7A | 110.0 | Te2—C16—H16A | 110.1 |
O1—C7—H7B | 110.0 | O2—C16—H16B | 110.1 |
Te1—C7—H7B | 110.0 | Te2—C16—H16B | 110.1 |
H7A—C7—H7B | 108.4 | H16A—C16—H16B | 108.4 |
C4—C8—H8A | 109.5 | C13—C17—H17A | 109.5 |
C4—C8—H8B | 109.5 | C13—C17—H17B | 109.5 |
H8A—C8—H8B | 109.5 | H17A—C17—H17B | 109.5 |
C4—C8—H8C | 109.5 | C13—C17—H17C | 109.5 |
H8A—C8—H8C | 109.5 | H17A—C17—H17C | 109.5 |
H8B—C8—H8C | 109.5 | H17B—C17—H17C | 109.5 |
C5—C9—H9A | 109.5 | C14—C18—H18A | 109.5 |
C5—C9—H9B | 109.5 | C14—C18—H18B | 109.5 |
H9A—C9—H9B | 109.5 | H18A—C18—H18B | 109.5 |
C5—C9—H9C | 109.5 | C14—C18—H18C | 109.5 |
H9A—C9—H9C | 109.5 | H18A—C18—H18C | 109.5 |
H9B—C9—H9C | 109.5 | H18B—C18—H18C | 109.5 |
Acknowledgements
We are grateful to the Department of Chemistry, University of Louisiana at Lafayette for material support of this work.
Funding information
Funding for this research was provided by: Louisiana Board of Regents (grant No. LEQSF(2011-12)-ENH-TR-01).
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