metal-organic compounds
Potassium bis(2-methyllactato)borate hemihydrate
aDepartment of Physics, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Kumbakonam 612 002, Tamilnadu, India, and bPrincipal, Kunthavai Naacchiyaar Government Arts College for Women (Autonomous), Thanjavur 613 007, Tamilnadu, India
*Correspondence e-mail: thiruvalluvar.a@gmail.com
The μ3-bis(2-methyllactato)borato]dipotassium], [K(C8H12BO6)(H2O)0.5]n, consists of one bis(2-methyllactato)borate anion, one potassium cation and one water molecule that shows half occupancy due to disorder around a twofold rotation axis. The potassium cation is pseudo-octahedrally coordinated by five O atoms of four symmetry-related bis(2-methyllactato)borate ligands and by the half-occupied water molecule. O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds between the water molecule and one of the borate O atoms of the bis(2-methyllactato)borate ligand are present in the crystal structure.
of the title organic–inorganic hybrid salt poly[aquabis[Keywords: crystal structure; inorganic-organic hybrid material; borate.
CCDC reference: 1895641
Structure description
Lithium-based salts are used in the development of lithium-ion batteries. Allen et al. (2012) have reported the structure of lithium bis(2-methyllactato)borate monohydrate. In our investigations we have replaced lithium by another alkali cation, i.e. rubidium (Gokila et al., 2019). In this context, we report here the growth and structural analysis of potassium bis(2-methyllactato)borate hemihydrate, prepared by the slow evaporation method. Whereas the lithium and rubidium salts crystallize in the Pbca with Z = 8 and P21/n with Z = 4, respectively, the potassium title salt crystallizes in the C2/c with Z = 8.
The ). The B—O distances (Table 1) are similar to that of the Rb analogue (Gokila et al., 2019). The five-membered ring O2/C5/C6/O3/B1 adopts an envelope form on the O3 atom [puckering parameters Q2 = 0.177 (3) Å, φ2 = 106.7 (10)°] whereas the five-membered ring O4/C1/C2/O5/B1 is essentially planar (r.m.s. deviation from the least-squares plane = 0.0196 Å). The dihedral angle between the above two five-membered ring planes is 89.36 (17)°. The potassium cation is pseudo-octahedrally coordinated by five O atoms from four bis(2-methyllactato)borate ligands (three monodentate, one chelating) and the half-occupied water molecule (Table 1). This arrangement leads to the formation of layers parallel to (001). In the these layers are linked by hydrogen bonds involving the water molecule and the O3 borate O atom (Fig. 2, Table 2).
of the title compound consists of one bis(2-methyllactato)borate anion, a potassium cation and a water molecule (half occupancy) disordered about a twofold rotation axis (Fig. 1
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As noted above, individual features in the et al., 2019) are very similar to those of the title compound, with the rubidium cation in a likewise pseudo-octahedral coordination sphere defined by five O atoms from four bis(2-methyllactato)borate ligands and by a fully occupied water molecule.
of rubidium bis(2-methyllactato)borate monohydrate (GokilaSynthesis and crystallization
The title compound was synthesized by reacting 2-methyllactic acid, boric acid and potassium carbonate (molar ratio 4:2:1) in double-distilled water. Slow evaporation of the solvent yielded good quality crystals in a period of about 50 days.
Refinement
Crystal data, data collection and structure . The occupancy of the O atom of the water molecule (O7) was refined freely and converged with a value close to 0.5. For the final it was constrained to 0.5.
details are summarized in Table 3
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Structural data
CCDC reference: 1895641
https://doi.org/10.1107/S2414314619002025/wm4100sup1.cif
contains datablock I. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S2414314619002025/wm4100Isup2.hkl
Supporting information file. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S2414314619002025/wm4100Isup3.cdx
Data collection: APEX3 (Bruker, 2016); cell
SAINT (Bruker, 2016); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2016); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXT2014 (Sheldrick, 2015a); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL2018 (Sheldrick, 2015b); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 2012) and PLATON (Spek, 2009); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL2018/3 (Sheldrick, 2015b), PLATON (Spek, 2009) and publCIF (Westrip, 2010).[K(C8H12BO6)(H2O)0.5] | F(000) = 1096 |
Mr = 263.09 | Dx = 1.343 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, C2/c | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
a = 12.3919 (7) Å | Cell parameters from 9798 reflections |
b = 10.7917 (6) Å | θ = 3.0–25.6° |
c = 19.9794 (12) Å | µ = 0.42 mm−1 |
β = 103.138 (2)° | T = 296 K |
V = 2601.9 (3) Å3 | Block, colourless |
Z = 8 | 0.15 × 0.15 × 0.10 mm |
Bruker Kappa APEX3 CMOS diffractometer | 2474 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 1904 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.063 |
ω and φ scan | θmax = 25.7°, θmin = 3.4° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Krause et al., 2015) | h = −15→15 |
Tmin = 0.689, Tmax = 0.745 | k = −13→13 |
32254 measured reflections | l = −24→24 |
Refinement on F2 | 3 restraints |
Least-squares matrix: full | Hydrogen site location: mixed |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.049 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
wR(F2) = 0.119 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0384P)2 + 3.8042P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
S = 1.16 | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
2474 reflections | Δρmax = 0.26 e Å−3 |
164 parameters | Δρmin = −0.25 e Å−3 |
Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. H atoms of the water molecule were discernable from difference Fourier maps and were refined with a distance constraint of d(O—H) = 0.85 (2) Å and Uiso(H) = 1.2Ueq(O). |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | Occ. (<1) | |
K1 | 0.15628 (5) | 1.09153 (6) | 0.42734 (4) | 0.0506 (2) | |
C1 | 0.2944 (2) | 0.7909 (3) | 0.39898 (15) | 0.0472 (7) | |
C2 | 0.4166 (2) | 0.7875 (3) | 0.43384 (15) | 0.0487 (7) | |
C3 | 0.4309 (3) | 0.8111 (4) | 0.51015 (18) | 0.0821 (12) | |
H3A | 0.392100 | 0.748541 | 0.529535 | 0.123* | |
H3B | 0.401517 | 0.891143 | 0.517026 | 0.123* | |
H3C | 0.508280 | 0.808381 | 0.532212 | 0.123* | |
C4 | 0.4813 (3) | 0.8766 (3) | 0.3993 (2) | 0.0771 (11) | |
H4A | 0.557938 | 0.875484 | 0.423076 | 0.116* | |
H4B | 0.452259 | 0.958795 | 0.400604 | 0.116* | |
H4C | 0.474846 | 0.851963 | 0.352400 | 0.116* | |
C5 | 0.3054 (2) | 0.3895 (3) | 0.40145 (15) | 0.0480 (7) | |
C6 | 0.3190 (3) | 0.4065 (3) | 0.32830 (15) | 0.0528 (7) | |
C7 | 0.2039 (3) | 0.4120 (4) | 0.28002 (19) | 0.0860 (12) | |
H7A | 0.210978 | 0.433095 | 0.234536 | 0.129* | |
H7B | 0.160035 | 0.473708 | 0.296120 | 0.129* | |
H7C | 0.168503 | 0.332713 | 0.279131 | 0.129* | |
C8 | 0.3929 (4) | 0.3084 (3) | 0.3078 (2) | 0.0838 (12) | |
H8A | 0.465638 | 0.313788 | 0.337303 | 0.126* | |
H8B | 0.397454 | 0.321471 | 0.261032 | 0.126* | |
H8C | 0.362369 | 0.227842 | 0.312210 | 0.126* | |
O1 | 0.27906 (19) | 0.2950 (2) | 0.42639 (12) | 0.0672 (6) | |
O2 | 0.32499 (16) | 0.49337 (17) | 0.43563 (9) | 0.0484 (5) | |
O3 | 0.37049 (17) | 0.52461 (17) | 0.33094 (10) | 0.0528 (5) | |
O4 | 0.26098 (15) | 0.68262 (17) | 0.37398 (10) | 0.0485 (5) | |
O5 | 0.44883 (15) | 0.66399 (17) | 0.42278 (11) | 0.0524 (5) | |
O6 | 0.23570 (19) | 0.8815 (2) | 0.39470 (13) | 0.0689 (6) | |
B1 | 0.3552 (3) | 0.5923 (3) | 0.38934 (17) | 0.0426 (7) | |
O7 | 0.0564 (5) | 1.1217 (5) | 0.2850 (3) | 0.0830 (16) | 0.5 |
H1 | 0.116 (3) | 1.085 (6) | 0.287 (5) | 0.100* | 0.5 |
H2 | 0.003 (4) | 1.075 (5) | 0.284 (4) | 0.100* | 0.5 |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
K1 | 0.0514 (4) | 0.0405 (3) | 0.0654 (4) | 0.0067 (3) | 0.0246 (3) | −0.0010 (3) |
C1 | 0.0494 (16) | 0.0434 (16) | 0.0519 (17) | 0.0089 (13) | 0.0180 (13) | 0.0010 (13) |
C2 | 0.0488 (16) | 0.0394 (14) | 0.0575 (18) | 0.0062 (13) | 0.0112 (13) | −0.0071 (13) |
C3 | 0.089 (3) | 0.087 (3) | 0.064 (2) | 0.012 (2) | 0.004 (2) | −0.023 (2) |
C4 | 0.060 (2) | 0.059 (2) | 0.114 (3) | −0.0066 (17) | 0.022 (2) | 0.005 (2) |
C5 | 0.0484 (16) | 0.0454 (16) | 0.0549 (17) | −0.0027 (13) | 0.0219 (13) | 0.0039 (14) |
C6 | 0.070 (2) | 0.0454 (16) | 0.0492 (17) | −0.0095 (15) | 0.0264 (15) | −0.0073 (14) |
C7 | 0.096 (3) | 0.102 (3) | 0.057 (2) | −0.028 (2) | 0.011 (2) | −0.006 (2) |
C8 | 0.124 (3) | 0.055 (2) | 0.091 (3) | −0.002 (2) | 0.063 (3) | −0.0203 (19) |
O1 | 0.0784 (16) | 0.0540 (13) | 0.0759 (15) | −0.0148 (12) | 0.0314 (12) | 0.0125 (11) |
O2 | 0.0640 (12) | 0.0447 (11) | 0.0418 (10) | 0.0017 (9) | 0.0231 (9) | 0.0006 (9) |
O3 | 0.0756 (14) | 0.0422 (11) | 0.0522 (12) | −0.0075 (10) | 0.0384 (11) | −0.0040 (9) |
O4 | 0.0395 (10) | 0.0466 (11) | 0.0583 (12) | 0.0044 (9) | 0.0089 (9) | −0.0035 (9) |
O5 | 0.0405 (11) | 0.0397 (10) | 0.0752 (14) | 0.0069 (8) | 0.0092 (9) | −0.0081 (10) |
O6 | 0.0674 (14) | 0.0531 (13) | 0.0881 (17) | 0.0248 (11) | 0.0218 (12) | −0.0003 (12) |
B1 | 0.0435 (16) | 0.0383 (15) | 0.0492 (18) | 0.0034 (14) | 0.0177 (14) | 0.0007 (14) |
O7 | 0.112 (4) | 0.074 (3) | 0.082 (3) | −0.023 (3) | 0.061 (3) | −0.024 (3) |
K1—O6 | 2.612 (2) | C4—H4C | 0.9600 |
K1—O5i | 2.6686 (19) | C5—O1 | 1.212 (3) |
K1—O1ii | 2.674 (2) | C5—O2 | 1.307 (3) |
K1—O2iii | 2.8460 (19) | C5—C6 | 1.520 (4) |
K1—O7 | 2.851 (6) | C6—O3 | 1.421 (3) |
K1—O1iii | 3.101 (2) | C6—C8 | 1.515 (4) |
K1—C5iii | 3.351 (3) | C6—C7 | 1.530 (5) |
K1—K1iv | 4.7390 (13) | C7—H7A | 0.9600 |
K1—H1 | 2.74 (9) | C7—H7B | 0.9600 |
K1—H2 | 3.05 (7) | C7—H7C | 0.9600 |
C1—O6 | 1.210 (3) | C8—H8A | 0.9600 |
C1—O4 | 1.301 (3) | C8—H8B | 0.9600 |
C1—C2 | 1.517 (4) | C8—H8C | 0.9600 |
C2—O5 | 1.423 (3) | O2—B1 | 1.514 (4) |
C2—C4 | 1.515 (4) | O3—B1 | 1.425 (4) |
C2—C3 | 1.516 (4) | O4—B1 | 1.498 (3) |
C3—H3A | 0.9600 | O5—B1 | 1.427 (4) |
C3—H3B | 0.9600 | O7—O7v | 1.738 (13) |
C3—H3C | 0.9600 | O7—H1 | 0.83 (2) |
C4—H4A | 0.9600 | O7—H2 | 0.83 (2) |
C4—H4B | 0.9600 | ||
O6—K1—O5i | 131.34 (7) | O1—C5—O2 | 122.9 (3) |
O6—K1—O1ii | 117.60 (8) | O1—C5—C6 | 126.6 (3) |
O5i—K1—O1ii | 107.73 (7) | O2—C5—C6 | 110.5 (2) |
O6—K1—O2iii | 90.45 (7) | O1—C5—K1iii | 67.72 (17) |
O5i—K1—O2iii | 89.68 (6) | O2—C5—K1iii | 56.47 (13) |
O1ii—K1—O2iii | 110.43 (7) | C6—C5—K1iii | 162.42 (19) |
O6—K1—O7 | 87.30 (12) | O3—C6—C8 | 110.0 (3) |
O5i—K1—O7 | 74.69 (12) | O3—C6—C5 | 102.7 (2) |
O1ii—K1—O7 | 91.02 (11) | C8—C6—C5 | 112.4 (3) |
O2iii—K1—O7 | 156.71 (12) | O3—C6—C7 | 109.6 (3) |
O6—K1—O1iii | 123.14 (7) | C8—C6—C7 | 113.0 (3) |
O5i—K1—O1iii | 87.54 (6) | C5—C6—C7 | 108.7 (3) |
O1ii—K1—O1iii | 69.93 (7) | C6—C7—H7A | 109.5 |
O2iii—K1—O1iii | 43.41 (6) | C6—C7—H7B | 109.5 |
O7—K1—O1iii | 148.82 (11) | H7A—C7—H7B | 109.5 |
O6—K1—C5iii | 109.51 (7) | C6—C7—H7C | 109.5 |
O5i—K1—C5iii | 85.92 (7) | H7A—C7—H7C | 109.5 |
O1ii—K1—C5iii | 90.47 (7) | H7B—C7—H7C | 109.5 |
O2iii—K1—C5iii | 22.50 (6) | C6—C8—H8A | 109.5 |
O7—K1—C5iii | 160.05 (12) | C6—C8—H8B | 109.5 |
O1iii—K1—C5iii | 21.20 (6) | H8A—C8—H8B | 109.5 |
O6—K1—K1iv | 128.25 (6) | C6—C8—H8C | 109.5 |
O5i—K1—K1iv | 98.26 (5) | H8A—C8—H8C | 109.5 |
O1ii—K1—K1iv | 37.93 (5) | H8B—C8—H8C | 109.5 |
O2iii—K1—K1iv | 73.83 (4) | C5—O1—K1vi | 154.3 (2) |
O7—K1—K1iv | 124.74 (10) | C5—O1—K1iii | 91.08 (19) |
O1iii—K1—K1iv | 32.00 (4) | K1vi—O1—K1iii | 110.07 (7) |
C5iii—K1—K1iv | 52.73 (5) | C5—O2—B1 | 109.2 (2) |
O6—C1—O4 | 124.4 (3) | C5—O2—K1iii | 101.03 (16) |
O6—C1—C2 | 125.0 (3) | B1—O2—K1iii | 146.83 (16) |
O4—C1—C2 | 110.6 (2) | C6—O3—B1 | 110.4 (2) |
O5—C2—C4 | 109.1 (2) | C1—O4—B1 | 109.9 (2) |
O5—C2—C3 | 109.9 (3) | C2—O5—B1 | 110.7 (2) |
C4—C2—C3 | 113.5 (3) | C2—O5—K1vii | 124.83 (16) |
O5—C2—C1 | 103.7 (2) | B1—O5—K1vii | 122.08 (15) |
C4—C2—C1 | 110.6 (3) | C1—O6—K1 | 159.7 (2) |
C3—C2—C1 | 109.5 (3) | O3—B1—O5 | 114.6 (2) |
C2—C3—H3A | 109.5 | O3—B1—O4 | 114.1 (2) |
C2—C3—H3B | 109.5 | O5—B1—O4 | 104.8 (2) |
H3A—C3—H3B | 109.5 | O3—B1—O2 | 103.6 (2) |
C2—C3—H3C | 109.5 | O5—B1—O2 | 112.6 (2) |
H3A—C3—H3C | 109.5 | O4—B1—O2 | 107.1 (2) |
H3B—C3—H3C | 109.5 | O7v—O7—K1 | 152.9 (4) |
C2—C4—H4A | 109.5 | O7v—O7—H1 | 125 (6) |
C2—C4—H4B | 109.5 | K1—O7—H1 | 74 (7) |
H4A—C4—H4B | 109.5 | O7v—O7—H2 | 60 (6) |
C2—C4—H4C | 109.5 | K1—O7—H2 | 96 (6) |
H4A—C4—H4C | 109.5 | H1—O7—H2 | 114 (4) |
H4B—C4—H4C | 109.5 | ||
O6—C1—C2—O5 | −177.6 (3) | O6—C1—O4—B1 | −179.5 (3) |
O4—C1—C2—O5 | 2.3 (3) | C2—C1—O4—B1 | 0.7 (3) |
O6—C1—C2—C4 | −60.7 (4) | C4—C2—O5—B1 | −122.4 (3) |
O4—C1—C2—C4 | 119.1 (3) | C3—C2—O5—B1 | 112.6 (3) |
O6—C1—C2—C3 | 65.1 (4) | C1—C2—O5—B1 | −4.4 (3) |
O4—C1—C2—C3 | −115.0 (3) | C4—C2—O5—K1vii | 40.3 (3) |
O1—C5—C6—O3 | −169.1 (3) | C3—C2—O5—K1vii | −84.7 (3) |
O2—C5—C6—O3 | 11.7 (3) | C1—C2—O5—K1vii | 158.28 (16) |
K1iii—C5—C6—O3 | −27.9 (8) | O4—C1—O6—K1 | 147.2 (5) |
O1—C5—C6—C8 | −51.0 (4) | C2—C1—O6—K1 | −33.0 (8) |
O2—C5—C6—C8 | 129.9 (3) | C6—O3—B1—O5 | 141.7 (3) |
K1iii—C5—C6—C8 | 90.2 (7) | C6—O3—B1—O4 | −97.4 (3) |
O1—C5—C6—C7 | 74.9 (4) | C6—O3—B1—O2 | 18.6 (3) |
O2—C5—C6—C7 | −104.3 (3) | C2—O5—B1—O3 | 130.7 (3) |
K1iii—C5—C6—C7 | −143.9 (6) | K1vii—O5—B1—O3 | −32.6 (3) |
O2—C5—O1—K1vi | 133.4 (4) | C2—O5—B1—O4 | 4.8 (3) |
C6—C5—O1—K1vi | −45.7 (6) | K1vii—O5—B1—O4 | −158.41 (15) |
K1iii—C5—O1—K1vi | 146.1 (5) | C2—O5—B1—O2 | −111.2 (3) |
O2—C5—O1—K1iii | −12.7 (3) | K1vii—O5—B1—O2 | 85.5 (2) |
C6—C5—O1—K1iii | 168.2 (3) | C1—O4—B1—O3 | −129.5 (2) |
O1—C5—O2—B1 | −179.8 (3) | C1—O4—B1—O5 | −3.3 (3) |
C6—C5—O2—B1 | −0.6 (3) | C1—O4—B1—O2 | 116.4 (2) |
K1iii—C5—O2—B1 | 166.1 (2) | C5—O2—B1—O3 | −10.8 (3) |
O1—C5—O2—K1iii | 14.1 (3) | K1iii—O2—B1—O3 | 143.6 (2) |
C6—C5—O2—K1iii | −166.6 (2) | C5—O2—B1—O5 | −135.1 (2) |
C8—C6—O3—B1 | −138.6 (3) | K1iii—O2—B1—O5 | 19.3 (4) |
C5—C6—O3—B1 | −18.8 (3) | C5—O2—B1—O4 | 110.2 (2) |
C7—C6—O3—B1 | 96.6 (3) | K1iii—O2—B1—O4 | −95.4 (3) |
Symmetry codes: (i) x−1/2, y+1/2, z; (ii) x, y+1, z; (iii) −x+1/2, −y+3/2, −z+1; (iv) −x+1/2, −y+5/2, −z+1; (v) −x, y, −z+1/2; (vi) x, y−1, z; (vii) x+1/2, y−1/2, z. |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O7—H1···O3viii | 0.83 (5) | 2.49 (9) | 2.870 (6) | 109 (7) |
O7—H2···O3i | 0.83 (5) | 2.14 (6) | 2.865 (7) | 146 (6) |
Symmetry codes: (i) x−1/2, y+1/2, z; (viii) −x+1/2, y+1/2, −z+1/2. |
Acknowledgements
The authors thank the Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility (SAIF), Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IITM), Chennai 600 036, Tamilnadu, India, for the single-crystal X-ray diffraction data.
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