organic compounds
1,1′-(Hexane-1,6-diyl)bis(indoline-2,3-dione)
aLaboratoire de Chimie Organique Appliquée-Chimie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah, Fès, Morocco, bLaboratoire de Chimie Organique Hétérocyclique, Pôle de Compétences Pharmacochimie, Mohammed V University in Rabat, BP 1014 Avenue Ibn Batouta, Rabat, Morocco, cUnité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide (UCCS), UMR 8181, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Lille, France, and dLaboratoire d'Ingénierie des Matériaux et d'Environnement: Modélisation et Application (LIMEMA), Ibn Tofail University, Kénitra, Morocco
*Correspondence e-mail: hafid.zouihri@gmail.com
The molecule of the title compound, C22H20N2O4, is situated on a crystallographic centre of symmetry. The two indoline-2,3-dione fragments are linked by a hexylene group at each N atom. In the crystal, supramolecular layers propagating in the ac plane are formed via C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds.
Keywords: crystal structure; indoline; hydrogen bonds.
CCDC reference: 1471582
Structure description
Isatin (1H-indole-2,3-dione) its derivatives have aroused great attention in recent years due to their wide variety of biological activities, relevant to application as insecticides and fungicides and in a broad range of drug therapies, including anticancer drugs, antibiotics and antidepressants (Bhrigu et al., 2010; Malhotra et al., 2011; Da Silva et al., 2001; Qachchachi et al., 2014; Ramachandran, 2011; Smitha et al., 2008).
As a continuation of our research work devoted to the development of substituted isatin derivatives, we report in this paper the synthesis of a new isatin derivative obtained by the reaction of 1,6-dibromohexane with indoline-2,3-dione in the presence of a catalytic quantity of tetra-n-butylammonium bromide under mild conditions to furnish the title compound.
The crystallographically centrosymmetric molecule of the title compound contains two indoline-2,3-dione fragments being linked by the hexylene group at the N atoms (Fig. 1). The sum of valence angles around N1 is 359.9, indicating an sp2 of this atom.
In the crystal, the molecules are linked by C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds (Table 1), forming supramolecular layers propagating in the ac plane (Figs. 2 and 3).
Synthesis and crystallization
To a solution of isatin (0.2 g, 1.2 mmol), potassium carbonate (0.41 g, 3 mmol) and tetra-n-butylammonium bromide (0.05 g, 0.15 mmol) in DMF (10 ml) was added dropwise 1,6-dibromohexane (0.3 ml, 3 mmol) at room temperature. The mixture was stirred for 48 h. The solid obtained was removed by filtration and the filtrate concentrated under reduced pressure, leading to a residue which was separated by on a column of silica gel with ethyl acetate/hexane (1/4) as The solid that was obtained was recrystallized from ethanol solution to afford the title compound as orange crystals in 68% yield.
Refinement
Crystal data, data collection and structure . Two reflections, i.e. 0 0 2 and 2 0 0, were omitted from the final owing to poor agreement.
details are summarized in Table 2Structural data
CCDC reference: 1471582
10.1107/S2414314616005423/bt4003sup1.cif
contains datablock I. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: 10.1107/S2414314616005423/bt4003Isup2.hkl
Supporting information file. DOI: 10.1107/S2414314616005423/bt4003Isup3.cml
Isatin, 1H-indole-2,3-dione, is a heterocyclic compound of significant importance in medicinal chemistry. It is a synthetically versatile molecule, a precursor for a large number of pharmacologically active compounds. Isatin and its derivatives have aroused great attention in recent years due to their wide variety of biological activities, relevant to application as insecticides and fungicides and in a broad range of drug therapies, including anticancer drugs, antibiotics and antidepressants (Bhrigu et al., 2010; Malhotra et al., 2011; Da Silva et al., 2001; Qachchachi et al., 2014; Ramachandran, 2011; Smitha et al., 2008).
As a continuation of our research work devoted to the development of substituted isatin derivatives, we report in this paper the synthesis of a new isatin derivative obtained by the reaction of 1,6-dibromohexane with indoline-2,3-dione in the presence of a catalytic quantity of tetra-n-butylammonium bromide under mild conditions to furnish the title compound (Scheme 1).
The crystallographically centrosymmetric molecule of the title compound contains two indoline-2,3-dione fragments being linked by the hexylene group at the N atoms (Fig. 1). The sum of valence angles around N1 is 360.48, indicating an sp2
of this atom.In the crystal packing, the molecules are linked by C—H···O hydrogen bonds, forming supramolecular layers propagating in the ac plane (Fig. 2 and 3).
To a solution of isatin (0.2 g, 1.2 mmol), potassium carbonate (0.41 g, 3 mmol) and tetra-n-butylammonium bromide (0.05 g, 0.15 mmol) in DMF (10 ml) was added 1,6-dibromohexane (0.3ml, 3 mmol). The mixture was stirred for 48 h. The salt was removed by filtration and the filtrate concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was separated by
on a column of silica gel with ethyl acetate/hexane (1/4) as eluent.The solid that was obtained was recrystallized from ethanol to afford the title compound as orange crystals in 68% yield.
Crystal data, data collection and structure
details are summarized in Table 1. All hydrogen atoms were located in a difference Fourier map and refined without additional restraints. In the final difference Fourier map the highest peak is 1.08 Å away from O2 and the deepest hole is located 0.83 Å away from the same oxygen atom. Two reflections, i.e. 0 0 2 and 2 0 0, were omitted from the final owing to poor agreement.To a solution of isatin (0.2 g, 1.2 mmol), potassium carbonate (0.41 g, 3 mmol) and tetra-n-butylammonium bromide (0.05 g, 0.15 mmol) in DMF (10 ml) was added 1,6-dibromohexane (0.3 ml, 3 mmol). The mixture was stirred for 48 h. The salt was removed by filtration and the filtrate concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was separated by
on a column of silica gel with ethyl acetate/hexane (1/4) as eluent.The solid that was obtained was recrystallized from ethanol to afford the title compound as orange crystals in 68% yield.
Crystal data, data collection and structure
details are summarized in Table 2. In the final difference Fourier map the highest peak is 1.08 Å away from O2 and the deepest hole is located 0.83 Å away from the same oxygen atom. Two reflections, i.e. 0 0 2 and 2 0 0, were omitted from the final owing to poor agreement.Isatin, 1H-indole-2,3-dione, is a heterocyclic compound of significant importance in medicinal chemistry. It is a synthetically versatile molecule, a precursor for a large number of pharmacologically active compounds. Isatin and its derivatives have aroused great attention in recent years due to their wide variety of biological activities, relevant to application as insecticides and fungicides and in a broad range of drug therapies, including anticancer drugs, antibiotics and antidepressants (Bhrigu et al., 2010; Malhotra et al., 2011; Da Silva et al., 2001; Qachchachi et al., 2014; Ramachandran, 2011; Smitha et al., 2008).
As a continuation of our research work devoted to the development of substituted isatin derivatives, we report in this paper the synthesis of a new isatin derivative obtained by the reaction of 1,6-dibromohexane with indoline-2,3-dione in the presence of a catalytic quantity of tetra-n-butylammonium bromide under mild conditions to furnish the title compound.
The crystallographically centrosymmetric molecule of the title compound contains two indoline-2,3-dione fragments being linked by the hexylene group at the N atoms (Fig. 1). The sum of valence angles around N1 is 359.9, indicating an sp2
of this atom.In the crystal packing, the molecules are linked by C—H···O hydrogen bonds (Table 1), forming supramolecular layers propagating in the ac plane (Fig. 2 and 3).
Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2009); cell
SAINT (Bruker, 2009); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2009); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXT (Sheldrick, 2015a); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL2014 (Sheldrick, 2015b); molecular graphics: PLATON (Spek, 2009); software used to prepare material for publication: publCIF (Westrip, 2010).Fig. 1. The title molecule with the atomic numbering scheme. Displacement ellipsoids are shown at the 30% probability level. [Symmetry code: (a) -x + 1, -y + 1, -z + 1.] | |
Fig. 2. View down the b axis of the packing structure of the title compound. The dashed lines indicate intermolecular C—H···O interactions. [Symmetry codes: (ii) x + 1/2, y, -z + 3/2; (iii) -x + 1/2, -y + 1, z + 1/2.] | |
Fig. 3. View of the title compound structure along the c axis, showing the layers parallel to the ac plane. |
C22H20N2O4 | Dx = 1.336 Mg m−3 |
Mr = 376.40 | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Orthorhombic, Pbca | Cell parameters from 9889 reflections |
a = 15.1498 (3) Å | θ = 2.5–23.9° |
b = 7.4949 (2) Å | µ = 0.09 mm−1 |
c = 16.4795 (3) Å | T = 296 K |
V = 1871.19 (7) Å3 | Prism, orange |
Z = 4 | 0.48 × 0.37 × 0.15 mm |
F(000) = 792 |
Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer | 1596 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
φ and ω scans | Rint = 0.041 |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2009) | θmax = 28.3°, θmin = 2.8° |
Tmin = 0.925, Tmax = 1.000 | h = −19→20 |
52362 measured reflections | k = −9→9 |
2303 independent reflections | l = −21→21 |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.053 | Hydrogen site location: difference Fourier map |
wR(F2) = 0.171 | All H-atom parameters refined |
S = 1.03 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0802P)2 + 0.5456P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
2303 reflections | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
167 parameters | Δρmax = 0.26 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Δρmin = −0.23 e Å−3 |
C22H20N2O4 | V = 1871.19 (7) Å3 |
Mr = 376.40 | Z = 4 |
Orthorhombic, Pbca | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 15.1498 (3) Å | µ = 0.09 mm−1 |
b = 7.4949 (2) Å | T = 296 K |
c = 16.4795 (3) Å | 0.48 × 0.37 × 0.15 mm |
Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer | 2303 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2009) | 1596 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.925, Tmax = 1.000 | Rint = 0.041 |
52362 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.053 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.171 | All H-atom parameters refined |
S = 1.03 | Δρmax = 0.26 e Å−3 |
2303 reflections | Δρmin = −0.23 e Å−3 |
167 parameters |
Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
C1 | 0.34040 (11) | 0.4314 (2) | 0.77758 (10) | 0.0504 (4) | |
C2 | 0.42431 (12) | 0.4338 (3) | 0.80961 (14) | 0.0664 (6) | |
C3 | 0.43333 (15) | 0.4836 (3) | 0.88930 (14) | 0.0755 (6) | |
C4 | 0.36311 (18) | 0.5300 (3) | 0.93673 (14) | 0.0799 (7) | |
C5 | 0.27861 (16) | 0.5286 (3) | 0.90539 (13) | 0.0704 (6) | |
C6 | 0.26756 (10) | 0.4786 (3) | 0.82489 (11) | 0.0536 (4) | |
C7 | 0.18931 (12) | 0.4580 (3) | 0.77498 (14) | 0.0647 (5) | |
C8 | 0.22517 (14) | 0.3985 (3) | 0.69028 (13) | 0.0686 (6) | |
C9 | 0.3733 (2) | 0.3309 (3) | 0.63322 (14) | 0.0758 (6) | |
C10 | 0.41541 (15) | 0.4874 (3) | 0.58917 (12) | 0.0624 (5) | |
C11 | 0.47878 (17) | 0.4251 (3) | 0.52375 (13) | 0.0665 (5) | |
H2 | 0.4687 (16) | 0.404 (3) | 0.7780 (15) | 0.082 (7)* | |
H3 | 0.4932 (17) | 0.481 (3) | 0.9136 (14) | 0.082 (7)* | |
H4 | 0.3711 (18) | 0.562 (3) | 0.9892 (18) | 0.102 (9)* | |
H5 | 0.2320 (18) | 0.557 (4) | 0.9323 (17) | 0.092 (8)* | |
H9A | 0.3325 (14) | 0.264 (3) | 0.5976 (15) | 0.082 (7)* | |
H10A | 0.3714 (15) | 0.563 (3) | 0.5626 (14) | 0.075 (6)* | |
H11A | 0.4474 (16) | 0.346 (3) | 0.4847 (16) | 0.093 (8)* | |
H9B | 0.4203 (15) | 0.261 (3) | 0.6596 (15) | 0.084 (7)* | |
H10B | 0.4454 (15) | 0.560 (3) | 0.6282 (15) | 0.079 (7)* | |
H11B | 0.5246 (15) | 0.357 (3) | 0.5493 (13) | 0.074 (6)* | |
N1 | 0.31307 (11) | 0.3827 (2) | 0.69831 (9) | 0.0627 (5) | |
O1 | 0.11235 (9) | 0.4797 (3) | 0.79127 (13) | 0.1002 (6) | |
O2 | 0.17970 (13) | 0.3727 (3) | 0.63114 (11) | 0.1027 (7) |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
C1 | 0.0448 (8) | 0.0572 (9) | 0.0492 (8) | −0.0027 (7) | 0.0037 (7) | 0.0050 (7) |
C2 | 0.0424 (9) | 0.0803 (13) | 0.0766 (13) | −0.0013 (9) | 0.0044 (9) | 0.0121 (11) |
C3 | 0.0634 (12) | 0.0906 (16) | 0.0725 (13) | −0.0168 (11) | −0.0204 (11) | 0.0176 (11) |
C4 | 0.0950 (17) | 0.0897 (16) | 0.0552 (12) | −0.0218 (13) | −0.0126 (11) | 0.0024 (11) |
C5 | 0.0754 (13) | 0.0762 (13) | 0.0597 (11) | −0.0055 (11) | 0.0187 (10) | −0.0037 (10) |
C6 | 0.0416 (9) | 0.0593 (10) | 0.0600 (10) | −0.0032 (7) | 0.0049 (7) | 0.0015 (8) |
C7 | 0.0445 (9) | 0.0663 (12) | 0.0833 (13) | −0.0033 (8) | −0.0028 (9) | 0.0049 (10) |
C8 | 0.0733 (13) | 0.0610 (11) | 0.0715 (12) | −0.0109 (9) | −0.0263 (10) | 0.0044 (9) |
C9 | 0.1044 (17) | 0.0660 (13) | 0.0571 (11) | 0.0016 (13) | 0.0252 (11) | −0.0030 (10) |
C10 | 0.0753 (12) | 0.0591 (11) | 0.0529 (10) | 0.0048 (10) | 0.0100 (9) | −0.0021 (9) |
C11 | 0.0846 (14) | 0.0597 (11) | 0.0551 (10) | 0.0080 (10) | 0.0166 (10) | −0.0002 (9) |
N1 | 0.0684 (10) | 0.0705 (10) | 0.0491 (8) | −0.0028 (8) | 0.0072 (7) | −0.0026 (7) |
O1 | 0.0392 (7) | 0.1247 (14) | 0.1366 (17) | 0.0028 (8) | 0.0011 (8) | 0.0002 (12) |
O2 | 0.1175 (14) | 0.1024 (13) | 0.0881 (12) | −0.0207 (11) | −0.0450 (11) | −0.0030 (10) |
C1—C2 | 1.377 (3) | C7—C8 | 1.563 (3) |
C1—C6 | 1.397 (2) | C8—O2 | 1.209 (2) |
C1—N1 | 1.418 (2) | C8—N1 | 1.343 (3) |
C2—C3 | 1.372 (3) | C9—N1 | 1.461 (3) |
C2—H2 | 0.88 (2) | C9—C10 | 1.520 (3) |
C3—C4 | 1.365 (4) | C9—H9A | 0.99 (2) |
C3—H3 | 0.99 (3) | C9—H9B | 0.98 (2) |
C4—C5 | 1.380 (3) | C10—C11 | 1.517 (3) |
C4—H4 | 0.91 (3) | C10—H10A | 0.98 (2) |
C5—C6 | 1.389 (3) | C10—H10B | 0.96 (3) |
C5—H5 | 0.86 (3) | C11—C11i | 1.512 (4) |
C6—C7 | 1.451 (3) | C11—H11A | 1.00 (3) |
C7—O1 | 1.207 (2) | C11—H11B | 0.96 (2) |
C2—C1—C6 | 120.82 (18) | N1—C8—C7 | 106.35 (15) |
C2—C1—N1 | 128.77 (17) | N1—C9—C10 | 114.06 (18) |
C6—C1—N1 | 110.40 (15) | N1—C9—H9A | 100.3 (14) |
C3—C2—C1 | 117.55 (19) | C10—C9—H9A | 111.8 (14) |
C3—C2—H2 | 124.1 (16) | N1—C9—H9B | 105.6 (14) |
C1—C2—H2 | 118.4 (16) | C10—C9—H9B | 108.4 (14) |
C4—C3—C2 | 122.7 (2) | H9A—C9—H9B | 116 (2) |
C4—C3—H3 | 119.1 (14) | C11—C10—C9 | 111.55 (17) |
C2—C3—H3 | 118.2 (14) | C11—C10—H10A | 107.0 (13) |
C3—C4—C5 | 120.4 (2) | C9—C10—H10A | 112.1 (13) |
C3—C4—H4 | 120.7 (18) | C11—C10—H10B | 110.7 (14) |
C5—C4—H4 | 118.9 (18) | C9—C10—H10B | 108.6 (14) |
C4—C5—C6 | 118.1 (2) | H10A—C10—H10B | 106.9 (19) |
C4—C5—H5 | 124.6 (18) | C11i—C11—C10 | 114.1 (2) |
C6—C5—H5 | 117.3 (18) | C11i—C11—H11A | 108.0 (15) |
C5—C6—C1 | 120.41 (17) | C10—C11—H11A | 109.9 (14) |
C5—C6—C7 | 131.97 (18) | C11i—C11—H11B | 108.3 (13) |
C1—C6—C7 | 107.59 (17) | C10—C11—H11B | 108.1 (13) |
O1—C7—C6 | 130.4 (2) | H11A—C11—H11B | 108.3 (19) |
O1—C7—C8 | 124.9 (2) | C8—N1—C1 | 110.96 (16) |
C6—C7—C8 | 104.63 (15) | C8—N1—C9 | 124.76 (19) |
O2—C8—N1 | 129.1 (2) | C1—N1—C9 | 124.22 (18) |
O2—C8—C7 | 124.6 (2) | ||
C6—C1—C2—C3 | 0.2 (3) | C6—C7—C8—O2 | −177.7 (2) |
N1—C1—C2—C3 | −178.8 (2) | O1—C7—C8—N1 | −177.4 (2) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | −0.1 (3) | C6—C7—C8—N1 | 2.6 (2) |
C2—C3—C4—C5 | −0.1 (4) | N1—C9—C10—C11 | 178.6 (2) |
C3—C4—C5—C6 | 0.2 (4) | C9—C10—C11—C11i | 178.6 (3) |
C4—C5—C6—C1 | 0.0 (3) | O2—C8—N1—C1 | 178.1 (2) |
C4—C5—C6—C7 | 177.8 (2) | C7—C8—N1—C1 | −2.2 (2) |
C2—C1—C6—C5 | −0.1 (3) | O2—C8—N1—C9 | 0.9 (4) |
N1—C1—C6—C5 | 179.06 (18) | C7—C8—N1—C9 | −179.46 (18) |
C2—C1—C6—C7 | −178.48 (18) | C2—C1—N1—C8 | −179.8 (2) |
N1—C1—C6—C7 | 0.7 (2) | C6—C1—N1—C8 | 1.1 (2) |
C5—C6—C7—O1 | 0.0 (4) | C2—C1—N1—C9 | −2.6 (3) |
C1—C6—C7—O1 | 178.1 (2) | C6—C1—N1—C9 | 178.33 (17) |
C5—C6—C7—C8 | 180.0 (2) | C10—C9—N1—C8 | 95.2 (3) |
C1—C6—C7—C8 | −1.9 (2) | C10—C9—N1—C1 | −81.6 (3) |
O1—C7—C8—O2 | 2.3 (4) |
Symmetry code: (i) −x+1, −y+1, −z+1. |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
C2—H2···O1ii | 0.88 (2) | 2.52 (2) | 3.316 (3) | 150.6 (19) |
C4—H4···O2iii | 0.91 (3) | 2.51 (3) | 3.349 (3) | 154 (2) |
C9—H9A···O2 | 0.99 (2) | 2.52 (2) | 2.950 (4) | 106.3 (16) |
Symmetry codes: (ii) x+1/2, y, −z+3/2; (iii) −x+1/2, −y+1, z+1/2. |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
C2—H2···O1i | 0.88 (2) | 2.52 (2) | 3.316 (3) | 150.6 (19) |
C4—H4···O2ii | 0.91 (3) | 2.51 (3) | 3.349 (3) | 154 (2) |
C9—H9A···O2 | 0.99 (2) | 2.52 (2) | 2.950 (4) | 106.3 (16) |
Symmetry codes: (i) x+1/2, y, −z+3/2; (ii) −x+1/2, −y+1, z+1/2. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | C22H20N2O4 |
Mr | 376.40 |
Crystal system, space group | Orthorhombic, Pbca |
Temperature (K) | 296 |
a, b, c (Å) | 15.1498 (3), 7.4949 (2), 16.4795 (3) |
V (Å3) | 1871.19 (7) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.09 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.48 × 0.37 × 0.15 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Bruker APEXII CCD |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2009) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.925, 1.000 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 52362, 2303, 1596 |
Rint | 0.041 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.666 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.053, 0.171, 1.03 |
No. of reflections | 2303 |
No. of parameters | 167 |
H-atom treatment | All H-atom parameters refined |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.26, −0.23 |
Computer programs: APEX2 (Bruker, 2009), SAINT (Bruker, 2009), SHELXT (Sheldrick, 2015a), SHELXL2014 (Sheldrick, 2015b), PLATON (Spek, 2009), publCIF (Westrip, 2010).
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